NWT Class 7 overview

NWT Class 7: Defensive and responsible driving

Scanning, space cushions, the two-second rule, fatigue, cellphones, child restraints, fuel efficiency, refuelling and other traffic laws.

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Defensive and responsible driving · Question 1Score 0/0

A police officer has reasonable grounds to believe you are driving while too fatigued. What can happen in the NWT?

Study reference: NWT Driver's Manual (rev. August 2022), Ch. 7 The Responsible Driver — Defensive driving to Traffic laws, pp. 110–120

All 23 questions in this test

Every question and its answer choices. The correct answers and explanations appear when you take the test above.

  1. A police officer has reasonable grounds to believe you are driving while too fatigued. What can happen in the NWT?

    1. A warning only
    2. Nothing, fatigue is not an offence
    3. A 24-hour roadside suspension
    4. A 90-day suspension
  2. Is it legal to tow a person on a toboggan or skis behind your vehicle?

    1. Yes, on private roads only
    2. Yes, under 20 km/h
    3. Yes, with a long rope
    4. No, it is illegal
  3. You are stopped behind another vehicle in traffic. How much space should you leave?

    1. As little as possible, so the line of traffic stays tight
    2. Enough to see its rear tires only
    3. About half a metre
    4. Enough to pull into another lane without backing up
  4. On a cold morning, how long does your engine need to idle to circulate oil?

    1. No more than 30 seconds
    2. At least 20 minutes
    3. At least 5 minutes
    4. At least 10 minutes
  5. You must swerve suddenly to avoid something in your lane. Which way should you go if possible?

    1. To the right
    2. Into the oncoming lane
    3. To the left
    4. Straight ahead while braking
  6. How do you measure your following distance?

    1. Count car lengths between you
    2. Count seconds after the car ahead passes a fixed object
    3. Watch the other car's brake lights
    4. Estimate the gap in metres based on how fast you are going
  7. In the NWT, who is responsible for making sure passengers under 15 are properly restrained?

    1. The driver
    2. The vehicle owner
    3. The child's parent only
    4. Each passenger
  8. Which of these is unsafe while refuelling?

    1. Using your cellphone
    2. Staying by the nozzle
    3. Placing a gas can on the ground
    4. Turning the ignition off
  9. Your load sticks out 2 m past the back of your truck in daylight. What is required?

    1. A red flag at least 30 cm square
    2. A red light only
    3. Nothing under 3 m
    4. A yellow flag at least 15 cm square
  10. A four-year-old weighs 16 kg. What must they ride in?

    1. A child safety seat
    2. Any rear seat position
    3. A seat belt alone
    4. A booster seat or seat belt
  11. According to the manual, how much more fuel do you burn for every 10 km/h above 90 km/h?

    1. About 25% more
    2. About 50% more
    3. About 2% more
    4. About 10% more
  12. When should a block heater be switched on before a winter drive?

    1. About two hours before
    2. The night before
    3. Six hours before
    4. Ten minutes before
  13. Why is carbon monoxide from a leaky exhaust so dangerous?

    1. It smells strongly of gasoline
    2. It makes the engine overheat and then stall
    3. It is colourless, odourless and tasteless
    4. It only builds up when parked
  14. On a long drive, how often should you stop to rest and walk around?

    1. At least every four hours
    2. At least every two hours
    3. Only when you feel sleepy
    4. At least every six hours
  15. In normal conditions, what is the minimum following distance for a car?

    1. One second
    2. Six seconds
    3. Four seconds
    4. Two seconds
  16. A crash cannot be avoided. Which choice does the manual rate as better?

    1. Hitting a cyclist instead of a parked car
    2. Hitting a parked truck head-on instead of glancing it
    3. Hitting a snowbank instead of a light pole
    4. Hitting an oncoming car instead of a tree
  17. What minimum following distance should drivers of large commercial vehicles use in traffic?

    1. Two seconds
    2. Three seconds
    3. Four seconds
    4. Six seconds
  18. Your friend wants to ride in the open box of your pickup for a short trip. What does the law say?

    1. It is fine on gravel roads
    2. It is fine under 50 km/h
    3. It is not allowed; both of you can be charged
    4. It is allowed, but only the rider can be charged
  19. On a rural highway, about how far ahead should you scan?

    1. About 12 seconds
    2. About 60 seconds
    3. About 25 seconds
    4. About 5 seconds
  20. What licence suspension range does the manual list for using a restricted electronic device while driving?

    1. 24 hours to 30 days
    2. 1 to 7 days
    3. 30 to 90 days
    4. 6 months to 1 year
  21. What label must a child safety seat used in Canada have?

    1. One from the vehicle dealer
    2. One showing it meets CMVSS 213
    3. One showing it meets CSA Z94
    4. One from the RCMP
  22. A driver is following you much too closely. What does the manual suggest?

    1. Move onto the shoulder
    2. Brake hard suddenly so they back off
    3. Speed up to get away
    4. Slow down and encourage them to pass
  23. When driving in a town or city, about how far ahead should you scan?

    1. 3 to 5 seconds
    2. 12 to 15 seconds
    3. 25 to 30 seconds
    4. 45 to 60 seconds

Defensive and responsible driving: key rules to remember

Our summary of what the official handbook says on this topic, in our own words. Read it before or after the practice questions above, then check the original chapter. Read the official chapter ↗

Defensive driving (Ch. 7)

  • Never assume others will drive carefully.
  • Scanning: urban areas about 12–15 seconds ahead (about 1 to 1.5 blocks); rural areas about 25 seconds ahead.
  • Being visible: without daytime running lights, use low beams; turn them off when parked.
  • Expect the unexpected; make sure your evasive move doesn't create another danger.

Space cushion; planning; avoiding collisions

  • Keep space ahead, behind and to the sides. Tailgater: slow down and encourage them to pass; if they don't, increase space ahead.
  • Stopped in traffic: leave room to move into another lane without backing up.
  • Missed turn or exit: continue to the next one; never back up.
  • Calm down before driving if angry or upset.
  • Sudden swerve: move right if possible; left only if no other choice.
  • If you must hit something: soft (snowbank) over hard; something moving your way over something still; a fixed object over an oncoming vehicle; a vehicle over a pedestrian or cyclist; glancing blow over head-on.

Following distance

  • At least two seconds in normal conditions; more in poor weather or road conditions.
  • Count from when the vehicle ahead passes a fixed object. The two-second rule works at any speed.
  • Large commercial vehicles: at least four seconds.

Fatigue

  • Driving fatigued is as dangerous as driving impaired; it is considered impaired driving and can bring a 24-hour roadside suspension if there are reasonable grounds (MVA s. 116.1).
  • Causes: lack of sleep, stress, boredom, long drives, physical activity, sickness, eye strain. Worse with overeating, alcohol/drugs, warm sun or vehicle, carbon monoxide.
  • Carbon monoxide is colourless, odourless, tasteless; have the exhaust checked at servicing.
  • Prevention: be rested; comfortable, ventilated vehicle; keep eyes moving; sunglasses; rest stop and walk at least once every two hours.

Cellphones

  • Illegal to drive while using a restricted electronic device (e.g., cellphone). Penalties can include licence suspensions of 24 hours to 30 days, high fines and demerits.
  • Crash risk doubles when eyes are off the road more than two seconds; distracted drivers are three times more likely to crash.

Child restraints

  • The driver is responsible for ensuring all passengers under 15 are properly restrained (seat belt fine otherwise).
  • A child under six who weighs 18 kg (40 lb) or less must be in a child safety seat used per the manufacturer's instructions.
  • Rear-facing from birth until the manufacturer's recommended weight. Forward-facing at about 9–18 kg (20–40 lb), secured with seat belt or UAS/LATCH plus tether strap.
  • Over 18 kg: must use the vehicle seat belt; booster seat strongly recommended.
  • Seats used in Canada must carry a label showing they meet CMVSS 213.

Fuel efficiency

  • 10–25% fuel savings possible. Each 10 km/h above 90 km/h burns 10% more fuel.
  • Rapid acceleration and hard braking can raise fuel use up to 39%.
  • Stopped more than 10 seconds (except in traffic): turn engine off. 8-cylinder: 10 minutes idling wastes about 0.4 L.
  • Engines need no more than 30 seconds of idling in winter; drive to warm up. Block heater on a timer two hours before driving; can improve economy up to 10%; don't leave it on overnight.
  • Poorly tuned engine: up to 50% more fuel; clogged air filter: 10% less efficient; under-inflated tires: about 5% less efficient.
  • A/C in stop-and-go: up to 10% more; at highway speeds 3–4%.

Refuelling

  • No smoking or flames; ignition off; RV pilot lights off; tell the attendant about spills; never jam the nozzle open; don't overfill; stay by the nozzle (static); don't use a cellphone while fuelling; put portable containers on the ground to fill.

Traffic laws

  • Don't tow a person (skis, toboggan, bike, motorcycle).
  • No riding in a house trailer while it is towed.
  • If the inside mirror view is blocked, you need outside mirrors on each side.
  • Commercial vehicles over 4,500 kg must report to a weigh scale when signed with flashing lights.
  • Load extending 1.5 m or more past the rear: red flag at least 30 cm square by day; red light at night.
  • No unnecessary loud noise from exhaust, brakes or tires.
  • Careless driving = without due care and attention or reasonable consideration for others.
  • No straddling two lanes unless conditions make single-lane use impractical.
  • No riding on the outside of a vehicle, including an open pickup box (few exceptions); driver and occupant can be charged.

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