Within what tractor pressure range must trailer air shut off automatically?
ICBC Commercial Knowledge Test 2026 – Free BC Class 1–4 Questions
Original questions written from the official British Columbia handbook, with an explanation for every answer.
By the Canada Exam Prep Editorial Team ·
- No sign-up
- Every answer explained
- Independent · not a government site
- 318 questions
- 11 practice tests
Your progress
Your topic map
Your map fills in as you practise
Answer questions in any practice test, topic quiz, mock exam or the exam simulator. After 5 answers in a topic, it turns red, yellow or green.
Your map is saved in this browser only – no account needed.
Estimated mock score
Estimate only – not an official predictionAnswer at least 20 questions to see an estimated mock score (you have 0). It is shown as a range, never as a promise.
- Licence classes, endorsements and testingNot enough data
No answers yet
- Heavy vehicle brakingNot enough data
No answers yet
- Basic commercial driving skillsNot enough data
No answers yet
- Tires, warnings and personal safetyNot enough data
No answers yet
- Fuel-efficient drivingNot enough data
No answers yet
- Backing and handling trailersNot enough data
No answers yet
- Coupling and uncouplingNot enough data
No answers yet
- Loading and weight distributionNot enough data
No answers yet
- Cargo securementNot enough data
No answers yet
- Dimensions, weights and permitsNot enough data
No answers yet
- Dangerous goods and signs for commercial driversNot enough data
No answers yet
- Operating a busNot enough data
No answers yet
- School busesNot enough data
No answers yet
- Taxis, limousines and ride-hailingNot enough data
No answers yet
- Ambulances and special vehiclesNot enough data
No answers yet
- Hours of serviceNot enough data
No answers yet
- Air brake componentsNot enough data
No answers yet
- Dual air brake systemsNot enough data
No answers yet
- Spring parking brakesNot enough data
No answers yet
- Tractor-trailer air systemsNot enough data
No answers yet
- Air brake adjustmentNot enough data
No answers yet
- Trip inspections and reportsNot enough data
No answers yet
- Class 1 pre-trip inspectionNot enough data
No answers yet
- Air brake pre-trip testNot enough data
No answers yet
Colours summarize progress from your recent practice answers: red suggests more practice, yellow shows progress, and green shows stronger recent performance. Grey means fewer than 5 answers so far. These indicators do not predict official exam results.
Keep practising
All BC Class 1–4 practice tests
- ICBC Class 1 knowledge test practice35 original questions on tractor-trailers from ICBC's Driving Commercial Vehicles: coupling and uncoupling, backing, rollovers, doubles, trailer whipping and the Class 1 pre-trip.
- ICBC Class 3 knowledge test practice35 original questions for B.C. Class 3 (trucks with more than two axles): load placement, cargo securement and tiedowns, height and width limits, permits, pilot cars and weigh scales.
- ICBC Class 4 practice test28 original questions for B.C. Class 4 restricted and unrestricted: taxis, limousines and ride-hailing, duty to carry, passengers with disabilities, ambulances and emergency lights.
- ICBC air brake test practice50 original air brake questions from ICBC's Driving Commercial Vehicles: compressor, governor, reservoirs, dual systems, spring brakes, tractor protection, brake adjustment and the air brake pre-trip test.
- BC Class 1–4 questions and answers (printable)50 original BC Class 1–4 practice questions on one printable sheet, with a separate answer key, an explanation and the handbook chapter for every answer. Print it or save it as a PDF. Free; not the official test.
- How to get a Class 1 licence in B.C.How to get a Class 1 licence in B.C.: ICBC eligibility and driving record rules, the Class 1 knowledge test with air brakes, the learner's licence, Mandatory Entry-Level Training (MELT), the pre-trip and road test, the medical exam and every ICBC fee, with each fact linked to icbc.com.
- BC Class 1–4 study guideFree BC Class 1–4 study guide: 1032 key points from the Driving Commercial Vehicles in plain words, organised by topic, each topic linked to its practice questions.
- BC Class 1–4 Mock Exam 1 – 50 QuestionsUntimed practice · answers explained
- BC Class 1–4 Mock Exam 2 – 50 QuestionsUntimed practice · answers explained
- BC Class 1–4 Mock Exam 3 – 50 QuestionsUntimed practice · answers explained
- BC Class 1–4 Mock Exam 4 – 50 QuestionsUntimed practice · answers explained
- BC Class 1–4 Mock Exam 5 – 50 QuestionsUntimed practice · answers explained
- BC Class 1–4 exam simulator50 new random questions every time, full screen, no hints
- BC Class 1–4 flashcards1032 study cards: flip, self-check, review
- BC Class 1–4 study guides & books2 official guides and books, reviewed
Exam facts
Key facts: ICBC Commercial Driver Knowledge Test (Class 1–4 and Air Brakes)
- Multiple choiceTest formatMultiple-choice knowledge tests, English only, no assistance or translators; a separate road signs test is also requiredICBC — Driving Commercial Vehicles, p. 9; Air brake endorsements
- Not publishedNumber of questionsICBC does not publish how many questions the Class 1–4 or air brake tests have; our mock uses a 50-question practice standardNot officially published · ICBC — Get your commercial driver's licence
- Not publishedPass markNot published by ICBC; this site uses 80% (40 of 50) as a practice standardNot officially published · ICBC — Get your commercial driver's licence
- 19 (18 for Class 3)Minimum age19 for Class 1, 2 and 4; 18 for Class 3 and the heavy trailer endorsementICBC — Get your commercial driver's licence
- Under 4 offencesDriving recordFewer than four penalty-point offences in two years and no motor-vehicle-related Criminal Code convictions in three yearsICBC — Get your commercial driver's licence
- Code 15Air brakesClass 1: air brake content is in the Class 1 knowledge test and MELT. Single unit: approved course (7 h minimum), air brake knowledge test and air brake pre-trip test; three failed knowledge attempts require 7 more hours of trainingICBC — Air brake endorsements
- 7 daysRetest waitThe guide and ICBC's air brake page give 7 days after an unsuccessful knowledge test; ICBC's commercial licence page lists 14 days, then 30 days, for repeat attempts — confirm when bookingICBC — Driving Commercial Vehicles (inside front cover); Air brake endorsements
- MELT requiredClass 1 trainingClass 1 Mandatory Entry Level Training (140 hours, includes air brakes) required for new Class 1 applicants since October 18, 2021ICBC — Get your commercial driver's licence
- Single fee if combinedFeesCommercial and air brake knowledge tests taken together are charged a single fee; amounts are listed on icbc.comICBC — Get your commercial driver's licence
- Free guideStudy materialDriving Commercial Vehicles (ICBC, 2024 edition, law as of August 27, 2024), free PDF on icbc.comICBC — Driving Commercial Vehicles
Free practice tests for ICBC's commercial knowledge tests: Class 1 (tractor-trailers), Class 2 (buses), Class 3 (heavy trucks), Class 4 (taxis, ride-hailing, ambulances and small buses) and the air brake (code 15) knowledge test. Every question is original, written from our own notes on ICBC's official guide Driving Commercial Vehicles (2024 edition), and each answer explains the rule and names the guide page. No sign-up and no limits; your progress stays on your device.
ICBC tells you which guide chapters to study for each licence, and the Class 1 knowledge test also includes all the air brake material. So this site keeps a shared core (licensing, braking, driving skills, hours of service and trip inspections), a drill for each class, and a full air brake section for the single-unit air brake test and Class 1.
What the test covers
Topics and question bank
- Licence classes, endorsements and testing16 questions
Class 1 to 4 and what each covers, minimum ages, the air brake (code 15) and heavy trailer (code 20) endorsements, the driving record and medical rules, learner supervision, MELT and retest waiting periods.
- Heavy vehicle braking15 questions
How brakes turn motion into heat, stopping time and following distance, speed and weight effects, brake fade, retarders, downgrades, water, runaway lanes and ABS.
- Basic commercial driving skills18 questions
Following distance, danger zones, off track and turns, curves, roundabouts, backing, mirrors, emergency vehicles, double-clutching, railway crossings and night driving.
- Tires, warnings and personal safety15 questions
Tire pressure and tread limits, wheel checks, required braking systems, flashing lights, warning devices for disabled vehicles, carbon monoxide, seatbelts, phones, impoundment and fire fighting.
- Fuel-efficient driving10 questions
Starting and warming up a diesel, smart shifting and speed, idling, tire pressure, en route checks and vehicle choices that save fuel.
- Backing and handling trailers12 questions
Backing a semi-trailer, rollovers and load height, double trailers, trailer whipping, parking a trailer and weight distribution on a tractor-trailer.
- Coupling and uncoupling15 questions
Coupling and uncoupling a fifth wheel step by step, the tug test, landing gear, pintle hitches, safety chains and drawbars.
- Loading and weight distribution10 questions
Where to place heavy loads on a truck, axle load shares for freight, dump and mixer trucks, covered aggregate loads, livestock and liquid tank loads.
- Cargo securement14 questions
The North American cargo securement standard, tiedown condition, how many tiedowns and how strong, binders, front-end structures, load projections and vehicles carried as cargo.
- Dimensions, weights and permits12 questions
Height and width limits, mirrors, GVW and licensed GVW, overload and oversize permits, pilot cars and reporting to weigh scales.
- Dangerous goods and signs for commercial drivers11 questions
Dangerous goods training and documents, reporting spills, placard classes, CANUTEC, runaway lanes, low clearance, transit priority and zone signs.
- Operating a bus15 questions
Bus passenger safety, leaving the curb, transit right-of-way, highway stops, fares, standing passengers, required equipment, baggage and the bus pre-trip.
- School buses13 questions
Which licences cover school buses, daily brake checks, school bus equipment and signs, loading and unloading, flashing red lights and railway crossings.
- Taxis, limousines and ride-hailing16 questions
Class 4 restricted, taxi and limousine definitions, passenger transportation licences, seating, duty to carry and when you may refuse, jump seats and passengers with disabilities.
- Ambulances and special vehicles13 questions
Licences for ambulances and special vehicles, when emergency vehicles may use lights and sirens, yielding to them, and equipment rules that depend on seating capacity.
- Hours of service14 questions
On-duty and off-duty time, daily and shift limits, cycles and resets, deferral, sleeper berths, personal use, ELDs and records of duty status, the 160 km exemption and other jurisdictions.
- Air brake components18 questions
Why air brakes, brake chambers and slack adjusters, s-cam brakes, compressor, governor, reservoirs, foot valve, air dryers and ABS.
- Dual air brake systems11 questions
The dual foot valve, primary and secondary circuits, one-way check valves, the low-air warning, quick release and relay valves, and what happens when one circuit fails.
- Spring parking brakes11 questions
Why parking needs mechanical force, how spring brakes apply and release, compounding, caging, blended air and safety actuators.
- Tractor-trailer air systems12 questions
Supply and control lines, glad hands, trailer emergency application, the tractor protection system, the trailer hand valve and bobtail tractors.
- Air brake adjustment14 questions
Pushrod stroke limits, checking manual slack adjusters by the applied and pry methods, adjusting them, automatic slack adjusters and common misconceptions.
- Trip inspections and reports12 questions
When inspections are required, which vehicles need written reports, cargo securement re-checks, report rules, pre-trip procedure, brake checks before hills and en route checks.
- Class 1 pre-trip inspection10 questions
The Class 1 road test pre-trip: timing, slack adjuster set-up, fifth wheel and landing gear checks, leakage limits with trailers, tug tests and breakaway checks.
- Air brake pre-trip test11 questions
The air brake pre-trip on the road test: draining reservoirs, governor cut-out and cut-in, low-air warning, trailer supply valve closing, build-up time and leakage limits.
Try a few
Sample BC Class 1–4 questions
1Within what tractor pressure range must trailer air shut off automatically?
- A. 20 to 45 p.s.i.
- B. 90 to 100 p.s.i.
- C. Below 5 p.s.i.
- D. 60 to 90 p.s.i.
Safety standards require automatic shut-off of trailer air when tractor pressure falls to between 20 and 45 p.s.i.
2How far from the vehicle it escorts must a pilot car stay?
- A. Between 10 and 50 m
- B. Directly beside it
- C. Between 100 and 500 m
- D. Within 1 km
When a permit requires a pilot car, it carries a D sign and must stay 100 to 500 m ahead of or behind the vehicle it escorts.
3When backing a semi-trailer, which way do you first turn the steering wheel?
- A. The same way the trailer should go
- B. It does not matter
- C. Opposite to where the trailer should go
- D. Straight, then the same way
Turn the wheel opposite to the direction you want the trailer to go. Once it starts to turn, turn the wheel back so the tractor follows the trailer.
4What must a commercial passenger vehicle seating more than 10 carry?
- A. A defibrillator and oxygen
- B. Only a fire extinguisher mounted near the driver
- C. Two spare tires and chains
- D. A first-aid kit, spare tire and fire extinguisher
Commercial passenger vehicles seating more than 10 including the driver must carry a WorkSafeBC first-aid kit, a spare tire and at least one fire extinguisher.
5Team drivers split sleeper berth time. What is the minimum length of each period?
- A. Four hours
- B. Two hours
- C. Six hours
- D. Eight hours
Team drivers may split sleeper time into two periods of at least four hours each, totalling at least eight, with at least 10 hours off duty overall. Single drivers need at least two hours per period.
6At about what pressure does the safety valve on the first reservoir open?
- A. About 100 p.s.i.
- B. About 150 p.s.i.
- C. About 125 p.s.i.
- D. About 60 p.s.i.
The safety (pop-off) valve normally vents at about 150 p.s.i. if the governor fails to unload the compressor. If it vents, have the governor or compressor repaired.
7In a double-trailer combination, which trailer is most likely to roll over?
- A. The tractor
- B. The first trailer
- C. They are equally likely
- D. The last trailer
With two trailers, jackknife and rollover risk rises, and the last trailer is the most likely to roll over.
8How much can trailer side skirts and other aerodynamic features improve fuel economy?
- A. 15 to 20 per cent
- B. 1 to 2 per cent
- C. They only improve looks
- D. 40 to 50 per cent
Side skirts, rear air dams and similar features can improve fuel economy by 15 to 20 per cent.
9You park a single-unit truck uphill with no curb. Which way do you turn the wheels?
- A. Right, toward the road edge
- B. Left, toward the centre of the road
- C. Straight ahead
- D. Away from the slope
A single-unit truck parked uphill without a curb has its wheels turned right toward the edge. Uphill against a curb, turn them left toward the centre.
10May a vehicle carrying dangerous goods be used for an ICBC road test?
- A. Yes, if it is placarded
- B. Yes, for Class 1 only
- C. No
- D. Yes, with the shipper's consent
Test vehicles may not carry dangerous goods, unbaffled liquids or dry bulk, livestock or oversize loads.
About the test
About the ICBC Commercial Driver Knowledge Test (Class 1–4 and Air Brakes)
British Columbia has four commercial licence classes. Class 1 covers semi-trailer trucks and every other vehicle except motorcycles. Class 2 covers buses of any size, including school buses. Class 3 covers trucks with more than two axles, tow cars and mobile cranes. Class 4 comes in two forms: restricted, for taxis, limousines and ride-hailing vehicles carrying up to 10 people, ambulances and small special vehicles; and unrestricted, which adds buses seating up to 25. The minimum age is 19 for Class 1, 2 and 4 and 18 for Class 3.
To get a commercial learner's licence you pass a knowledge test and a road signs test at a driver licensing office, plus vision and medical screening, and you need an acceptable driving record. If you will drive with air brakes you also take the air brake knowledge test, unless you are applying for Class 1, whose knowledge test already includes the air brake material. The learner's licence is valid for one year. You then pass a road test that starts with a pre-trip inspection, and a doctor completes a Driver's Medical Examination Report for RoadSafetyBC.
Since October 18, 2021 every new Class 1 applicant must complete Mandatory Entry Level Training (MELT), about 140 hours that include air brakes. Drivers who want an air brake endorsement for a single-unit vehicle take an approved air brake course of at least 7 hours, pass the air brake knowledge test and an air brake pre-trip test; no road test is needed for the endorsement.
ICBC's knowledge tests are multiple choice, given only in English, and must be completed without assistance; translators are not permitted. ICBC says the answers to all knowledge test questions are in Driving Commercial Vehicles, but it does not publish how many questions each test has or the pass mark, so this site's mock exam uses a 50-question practice standard.
Driving Commercial Vehicles is copyright ICBC; this site does not reproduce it. We wrote short factual notes from the guide and wrote every question ourselves. This site is not affiliated with ICBC or the Government of British Columbia.
Study plan
How to prepare
- 1Start with ICBC's licence study chart. Class 1: chapters 1 to 11. Class 2 and Class 4: chapters 1 to 4, pages 110 to 111 on dangerous goods, and chapters 6 to 11. Class 3 or the heavy trailer endorsement: chapters 1 to 5 and 7 to 11. Single-unit air brake endorsement: chapters 1, 2, 8, 9 and 10.
- 2Learn the air brake numbers exactly: low-air warning before 60 p.s.i., governor cut-out between 105 and 135 p.s.i. with cut-in about 20 p.s.i. lower and no lower than 80 p.s.i., build-up from 50 to 90 p.s.i. within three minutes, spring brakes applying at 20 to 45 p.s.i., the safety valve at about 150 p.s.i., and leakage limits of 3, 4 and 6 p.s.i. per minute.
- 3Know the brake adjustment limits for a Type 30 chamber: applied stroke over 1¾ inches or free stroke over ¾ inch means adjustment is needed, and automatic slack adjusters with excessive stroke need a mechanic, not a wrench.
- 4Keep the licence classes straight. Many questions ask which class covers a vehicle: a three-axle dump truck is Class 3, a 24-seat school bus is Class 4 unrestricted, a ride-hailing car is Class 4 restricted, and any bus with more than 25 seats is Class 2.
- 5Review hours of service: 13 hours driving and 14 on duty per day, 16 hours elapsed per shift, 10 hours off daily, Cycle 1 (70 hours in 7 days, 36-hour reset) and Cycle 2 (120 hours in 14 days, 72-hour reset).
- 6Use the class drills and the air brake test page to find weak topics, then read the key rules on each topic page before trying its questions again. Wrong answers are saved to your mistake list on this device.
- 7Take the full mock exam. ICBC does not publish the pass mark, so aim for 90 per cent or more before you book.
- 8Do not forget the road signs test. It is a separate knowledge test; study chapter 11 of the guide and the signs in Learn to Drive Smart, which our ICBC Class 7 practice covers.
FAQ
BC Class 1–4 test questions people ask
How many questions are on the ICBC commercial knowledge test?
ICBC does not publish the number of questions or the pass mark for the Class 1 to 4 or air brake knowledge tests. It says the tests are multiple choice, in English only, and that every answer is in Driving Commercial Vehicles. Our 50-question mock is a practice standard, not the official format.
Is the air brake test separate from the Class 1 knowledge test?
For Class 1, no. The Class 1 knowledge test includes all the air brake material, and Class 1 MELT includes air brake training. If you need an air brake endorsement for a single-unit vehicle, such as a Class 3 truck or a Class 2 bus, you take a separate air brake knowledge test after an approved air brake course.
Which chapters should I study for my class?
ICBC's licence study chart says: Class 1, chapters 1 to 11; Class 2 and Class 4, chapters 1 to 4, pages 110 to 111 and chapters 6 to 11; Class 3 or heavy trailer, chapters 1 to 5 and 7 to 11; single-unit air brakes, chapters 1, 2, 8, 9 and 10.
How old do I have to be for a commercial licence in B.C.?
19 for Class 1, 2 and 4, and 18 for Class 3 or the heavy trailer endorsement. You must also hold, or have held, a full-privilege Class 5 or 6 licence, or an out-of-province equivalent.
Can I take the ICBC commercial knowledge test in another language?
No. The commercial licensing process is conducted entirely in English, the knowledge tests are given only in English, and translators are not permitted.
What happens if I fail?
The guide's retest table says you wait 7 days after an unsuccessful knowledge or pre-trip test. ICBC's commercial licence page also lists longer waits (14 days, then 30 days) for repeat attempts, so check with ICBC when you book. If you fail the single-unit air brake knowledge test three times, you must complete another 7 hours of air brake training.
Do I need MELT for a Class 1 licence?
Yes, for new Class 1 drivers since October 18, 2021. You must first qualify for the Class 1 learner's licence by passing the knowledge test. Drivers moving from elsewhere in Canada with more than 24 months of Class 1 experience may be exempt.
Does this site cover the road signs test?
Not on this page. The road signs test uses the signs in chapter 11 of the guide and in Learn to Drive Smart; practise them with our ICBC Class 7 knowledge test practice and its sign questions.
Are these the real ICBC test questions?
No. ICBC's questions are not public. Every question here is original, written from our notes on Driving Commercial Vehicles, and each explanation cites the guide page. Use them to learn the rules, not to memorise answers.
More practice
Related practice tests
- ICBC Knowledge TestBritish Columbia · 535 questions
- Alberta Commercial Practice TestAlberta · 255 questions
- SGI Commercial Practice TestSaskatchewan · 254 questions
- MPI Professional Driver Practice TestManitoba · 240 questions
- ICBC Motorcycle Knowledge TestBritish Columbia · 303 questions
- BC CORE Practice TestBritish Columbia · 135 questions
- FOODSAFE Level 1 Practice TestBritish Columbia · 135 questions
- BC Private Investigator Practice TestBritish Columbia · 146 questions
- BST Practice Test BCBritish Columbia · 210 questions
- Selling It Right Practice TestBritish Columbia · 142 questions
- Serving It Right Practice TestBritish Columbia · 136 questions
- Alberta Motorcycle Practice TestAlberta · 311 questions
- All British Columbia practice tests
- All Driving Tests