Free independent study reference. Examples are original, not official exam questions. This page does not assess practical driving ability.
Turning and signalling practice →Recognize the three left-arm positions
For a left turn, the left arm extends horizontally. For a right turn, the left elbow bends so the forearm points upward. For stopping or slowing abruptly, the arm points downward. These are the driver hand signals shown in SGI’s signalling section.
Cyclists also use hand signals. Read the person’s movement in context and leave room rather than assuming an arm is simply a wave.
Source: SGI — Signalling ↗Signal early enough to communicate the plan
SGI gives guidance of at least 30 m before a turn at speeds under 60 km/h, and at least 150 m from the corner at higher speeds. Those are advance-notice guidelines, not a substitute for checking the surroundings.
For a turn or lane change, signal, check the mirror, check the relevant blind spot and move only after checking. Cancel the signal once the manoeuvre is complete.
Source: SGI — Signalling ↗Try these decisions
Original learning cases
A driver’s left forearm is raised. Recognize the right-turn signal rather than reading it as a left turn.
You start signalling only after the car begins to turn. The indication has come too late to give useful advance notice.
A lane change is complete, but the indicator stays on near a driveway. Cancel it so it does not suggest another manoeuvre.
Avoid sending two different messages
Near an intersection, a lane-change signal can be mistaken for a turn. SGI advises completing the lane change and cancelling before the intersection, or waiting until through it to signal and change lanes. Repair failed lighting; this reference does not establish that a defective vehicle is fit for a trip.
Source: SGI — Signalling ↗