The CFS lists 'MF 122.2 5 NM 3100 ASL' for an aerodrome. What does it tell you?
Drone Advanced Exam (RPAS): Radio communications
The ROC-A, aviation VHF frequencies including 121.5, 126.7 and 123.2 MHz, MF and ATF procedures, radio technique and phrasing, distress calls, transponder codes and crew radios.
- No sign-up
- Every answer explained
- Independent · not a government site
- 14 questions
- Topic drill
Study reference: TC drone rules: CARs Part IX and TC AIM RPA chapter (Oct 2026), Ch. 9 Radiotelephony — TC AIM COM 1.1–1.7; TC AIM RAC 4.5; AIM RPA 3.2.6.3; TP 15263 Section 8
All 14 questions in this test
Every question and its answer choices. The correct answers and explanations appear when you take the test above.
The CFS lists 'MF 122.2 5 NM 3100 ASL' for an aerodrome. What does it tell you?
- MF procedures apply within 5 NM, up to 3,100 ft ASL, on 122.2
- Drones may fly up to 3,100 ft ASL anywhere within 5 NM
- ATC must be called on 122.2 only once you have landed
- The aerodrome is closed to all flights within 5 NM below 3,100 ft
How does a distress message on the radio begin?
- PAN PAN, said once
- HELP, said three times
- SECURITY, said twice
- MAYDAY, said three times
Which frequency range is used for aeronautical VHF voice communications in Canada?
- 2.4 to 2.5 GHz
- 118 to 137 MHz
- 400 to 470 MHz
- 88 to 108 MHz
When talking with aviation traffic, how is 'altitude' different from 'height'?
- Altitude is above sea level; height is above the ground
- They mean the same and can be used either way
- Altitude is above the ground; height is above sea level
- Altitude is in metres; height is in feet
Pilots flying in uncontrolled airspace away from aerodromes usually monitor which frequency?
- 126.7 MHz
- 121.5 MHz only
- 123.2 MHz
- 118.0 MHz
What is a blind broadcast?
- A call made with the radio volume turned off
- A recorded weather report on a set frequency
- A message sent only to the control tower
- A transmission made without expecting a reply
Which is good radio practice on a busy aerodrome frequency?
- Transmit right away so you are heard first
- Repeat each message three times to be sure
- Hold the button down to keep the channel
- Listen first and keep your message short
In an MF area with no ground station operating, what do manned aircraft do with their reports?
- They send them by text to the airport
- They skip reporting until a station opens
- They broadcast them on the MF
- They phone them in to NAV CANADA
Which certificate lets you transmit on an aviation VHF radio in Canada?
- The ROC-A, issued by ISED
- The advanced drone pilot certificate
- An amateur radio basic licence
- A NAV CANADA flight authorization
Your drone flies away near an uncontrolled aerodrome. What should a radio advisory include?
- The drone's last known position, altitude and direction
- Your full home address and your personal phone number
- The camera settings and lens you used during the flight
- The drone's purchase price and the brand of its battery
What does a routine initial call to ATC contain, in order?
- Only your registration number, repeated twice
- Who you call, who you are, where, and what you want
- Your name, the drone's price and the weather
- What you want, your phone number and your address
What is the aviation emergency frequency?
- 121.5 MHz
- 123.2 MHz
- 122.8 MHz
- 126.7 MHz
Which transponder code does a manned aircraft set after losing two-way radio?
- 1200
- 7700
- 7500
- 7600
When control of a drone passes from one crew member to another, what should happen on the crew radio?
- The visual observer announces it to ATC first
- The new pilot simply takes the controls silently
- Both pilots hold the sticks until it stabilizes
- The transfer is stated clearly and acknowledged
Radio communications: key rules to remember
Our summary of what the official handbook says on this topic, in our own words. Read it before or after the practice questions above, then check the original chapter. Read the official chapter ↗
Licences
- Operating aeronautical radio requires a Restricted Operator Certificate with Aeronautical Qualification (ROC-A) from Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada (ISED). Study guide: RIC-21.
- Radio equipment used in aeronautical services follows ISED radio licensing policy.
- Phraseology references: NAV CANADA VFR Phraseology Guide, TC AIM COM, AC 100-001 glossary.
Frequencies
- Aeronautical voice communications: VHF-AM from 118 to 137 MHz; 25 kHz channel spacing.
- 121.5 MHz: emergency frequency (monitored by towers and flight service stations during their hours).
- 126.7 MHz: en-route frequency in uncontrolled airspace, also used for broadcasts.
- 123.2 MHz: ATF at uncontrolled aerodromes with no UNICOM.
- MF/ATF frequencies, radius and altitude are published in the CFS (e.g. "MF 122.2 5 NM 3100 ASL").
MF procedures (manned aircraft)
- Aircraft in an MF area need a working two-way radio and must report before entering, on departure, on arrival, in continuous circuits and when passing through.
- Reports go to the ground station if one is operating; otherwise they are broadcast.
- Listening tells a drone pilot where traffic is: position, phase of flight, intentions.
Radio technique
- Distinguish height (above ground) from altitude (above sea level) when reporting; aviation altitudes are normally ASL.
- A routine call to ATC states who you are calling, who you are, where you are and what you want.
- A blind broadcast is a transmission made without expecting a reply, e.g. on an ATF to announce an operation.
- Emergency (fly-away) calls give the drone's last position, altitude and direction; distress messages start with MAYDAY repeated three times.
- Radio etiquette: listen before transmitting, keep messages short, do not interrupt other communications, read back ATC clearances and instructions.
Communication failure
- A traditional aircraft that loses two-way radio squawks transponder code 7600 and follows set procedures; 7700 is the emergency code.
- If out of VHF range, a pilot may use a phone to reach ATS (numbers in the CFS).
Crew radios
- Radio range depends on line-of-sight, antenna position, power and interference.
- A transfer of control or a "visual following" between crew must be stated and acknowledged clearly.
Other topics
- Advanced certificate, privileges and recencyWhat counts as an advanced operation, who may fly one, the age 16 certificate with exam and flight review, supervision of uncertified pilots, 24-month recency, exam and retake rules, and how Level 1 Complex differs.
- Safety assurance declarations (Standard 922)Which advanced operations need a declaration, what 922.04 to 922.08 assure, safety assurance vs pre-validated declarations, what you can fly without a declaration, modifications and operating limits.
- Flying near and over peopleThe 30 m, 5 m and 500 ft distance bands, who counts as involved, medium-drone distances, parachute limits, site and crowd planning and the crew briefing.
- Operations in controlled airspaceThe three conditions for controlled airspace, NAV Drone and DND authorizations, the information ATC may ask for, flying above 400 ft with authorization, ATC instructions, transponder airspace and restricted airspace.
- Airports, heliports and aerodrome trafficEstablished procedures within 3 NM of airports and 1 NM of heliports, TC's generic procedure, aerodrome operators' role, military aerodromes, traffic circuits, MF and ATF areas and runway numbering.
- EVLOS, sheltered operations, medium drones and SFOCsExtended visual line-of-sight and visual observer rules, sheltered operations near structures, medium-drone limits, BVLOS basics and the operations that still need an SFOC—RPAS.
- The flight reviewStandard 921.02 exercises, prerequisites and ID, the planning exercise, lost-link and fly-away items, how errors are graded, failure and retakes, results and the flight reviewer rating.
- Aviation weather reports and meteorologyDecoding METARs and TAFs (wind, visibility, weather, cloud, ceiling, temperature, altimeter), change groups, pressure and density altitude, stability, fronts, thunderstorms and wind shear.
- SFOC applications, payloads, records and occurrencesWhen and how to apply for an SFOC—RPAS, lead times and risk assessment, events, payloads and lasers, records, occurrence analysis, TSB investigations, tethered drones and site safety.
- Crew resource management and human factorsThe four CRM skill areas, threat and error management, visual observers and sterile communication, FPV and night-vision limits, disorientation and operating pressures.