Can an advanced pilot fly above 400 ft AGL in controlled airspace without an SFOC?
Drone Advanced Exam (RPAS): Operations in controlled airspace
The three conditions for controlled airspace, NAV Drone and DND authorizations, the information ATC may ask for, flying above 400 ft with authorization, ATC instructions, transponder airspace and restricted airspace.
- No sign-up
- Every answer explained
- Independent · not a government site
- 14 questions
- Topic drill
Study reference: TC drone rules: CARs Part IX and TC AIM RPA chapter (Oct 2026), Ch. 4 Controlled airspace — CARs 901.14, 901.46, 901.71–901.72; AIM RPA 3.2.3, 3.2.34, 3.4.1.6
All 14 questions in this test
Every question and its answer choices. The correct answers and explanations appear when you take the test above.
Can an advanced pilot fly above 400 ft AGL in controlled airspace without an SFOC?
- Yes, but only within 100 ft of a structure
- No, controlled airspace is limited to 300 ft
- No, any flight above 400 ft always needs an SFOC
- Yes, if the ANSP authorization allows that altitude
What can happen if you fly in controlled airspace without an ANSP authorization?
- A fine up to $1,000 for an individual, per violation
- A fine, but only if an aircraft was actually nearby
- Automatic cancellation of your drone registration
- Only a written warning for a first offence
While flying under an authorization, ATC tells you to land now. What must you do?
- Ask the client first
- Comply with the instruction
- Climb above 400 ft and wait
- Finish the job, then land
An airport's Class C airspace becomes Class E overnight. Does a basic pilot gain access?
- Yes, as long as the runway lights are switched off
- Yes, if the drone stays below 100 ft above ground
- No, Class E is still controlled airspace
- Yes, Class E is uncontrolled airspace at night
Which item may the ANSP ask for in a controlled-airspace request?
- The pilot's civil aviation medical certificate number
- The client's municipal business licence number
- Procedures and flight profiles for a lost C2 link
- The drone's purchase price and the store it came from
During a controlled-airspace flight, what must be easily accessible to the pilot?
- A list of call signs for aircraft based nearby
- A paper copy of the whole Designated Airspace Handbook
- The written authorization from the ANSP
- The drone's original sales receipt from the store
How do you request permission to fly in airspace controlled by NAV CANADA?
- By emailing Transport Canada's RPAS Centre of Expertise
- By posting a notice on the airport operator's website
- By phoning the nearest police detachment directly
- Through NAV Drone, NAV CANADA's planning tool
What is needed to fly a drone in Class B airspace?
- Only a 922.04 safety declaration
- An SFOC—RPAS plus ANSP authorization
- Only an advanced certificate
- Only a NAV Drone authorization
Who authorizes drone flights in controlled airspace around a military aerodrome?
- The provincial ministry of transportation for that area
- NAV CANADA, through its NAV Drone tool, in every case
- The Department of National Defence aerodrome authority
- The manager of the nearest civilian airport in the region
When may ATC let a drone without a transponder enter transponder airspace?
- Whenever the drone weighs less than 25 kg in total
- If asked before entry and safety is not affected
- Only at night, when manned traffic is lighter
- Never, there are no exceptions to the rule
A manned aircraft in Class D loses its radio. Which transponder code does it normally set?
- 7700
- 7600
- 1200
- 7500
What communication capability must you have during a controlled-airspace operation?
- A satellite phone registered with Transport Canada
- A way to contact and be contacted by the airspace authority
- A live video link shared with NAV CANADA in real time
- A VHF radio permanently tuned to 121.5 MHz
Which three things does a pilot need to fly in controlled airspace?
- Advanced certificate, 922.04 drone and ANSP authorization
- Any certificate, a filed flight plan and a radio licence
- Advanced certificate, an SFOC and a working transponder
- Basic certificate, liability insurance and a NOTAM
A medium drone will fly VLOS in controlled airspace. Which declarations are required?
- 922.04 and 922.08
- 922.12 only
- 922.05 and 922.06
- 922.04 only
Operations in controlled airspace: key rules to remember
Our summary of what the official handbook says on this topic, in our own words. Read it before or after the practice questions above, then check the original chapter. Read the official chapter ↗
Three conditions for controlled airspace
- Advanced (or Level 1 Complex) certificate; a drone declared to Standard 922.04 (plus 922.08 for medium drones); an authorization from the air navigation service provider (ANSP).
- ANSP = NAV CANADA for civil controlled airspace, Department of National Defence for military controlled airspace.
- Controlled airspace for drones: Classes A, B, C, D, E. Class A and B need an SFOC—RPAS plus ANSP authorization. Classes C, D and E are the advanced environment.
- Class C and D usually extend from the surface to 3,000 ft AGL around airports and become Class E when the tower is closed; still controlled.
RPAS flight authorization
- Request it in advance through NAV Drone (NAV CANADA's drone flight planning tool) or from the DND aerodrome authority.
- Information the ANSP may require: date, time and duration; category, registration number and physical characteristics of the drone; vertical and horizontal boundaries of the area; name, contact information and pilot certificate number of each pilot; lost-link procedures and flight profiles; emergency procedures; how long it takes to terminate the operation; anything else needed for air traffic management.
- The written authorization must be easily accessible to the pilot during the flight.
- Above 400 ft AGL in controlled airspace is possible with an ANSP authorization; no SFOC is needed for that (CAR 901.71(2)).
- No authorization, or not accessible: up to $1,000 individual / $5,000 corporation per violation.
ATC instructions
- In controlled airspace the pilot must comply with all ATC instructions directed at them.
- Pilots must have a means to contact and be contacted by the airspace authority during the operation.
Transponder airspace
- Transponder required in Class A, B, C and some D and E (listed in the DAH).
- ATC may allow a drone without a transponder only if the request is made before entering and safety is not likely to be affected; ATC may not always be able to approve.
Class F and others
- CYR restricted: contact the user agency listed in the DAH for access. CYA advisory: no permission, extra risk awareness.
- Inadvertent entry by a drone out of control into controlled or restricted airspace: notify the ATC unit, FSS or user agency immediately.
Air traffic services knowledge (advanced)
- Know who controls the airspace, the MF/ATF and en-route frequencies, typical traffic patterns of manned aircraft, and how to read the CFS for aerodrome airspace and contacts.
- Traditional aircraft that lose two-way radio in Class C or D airspace follow set procedures (e.g. squawk transponder code 7600); be alert to unexpected traffic.
- ESCAT plan: in a security emergency, the Emergency Security Control of Air Traffic plan can restrict flights.
Study the Operations in controlled airspace rules as flashcards →
Other topics
- Advanced certificate, privileges and recencyWhat counts as an advanced operation, who may fly one, the age 16 certificate with exam and flight review, supervision of uncertified pilots, 24-month recency, exam and retake rules, and how Level 1 Complex differs.
- Safety assurance declarations (Standard 922)Which advanced operations need a declaration, what 922.04 to 922.08 assure, safety assurance vs pre-validated declarations, what you can fly without a declaration, modifications and operating limits.
- Flying near and over peopleThe 30 m, 5 m and 500 ft distance bands, who counts as involved, medium-drone distances, parachute limits, site and crowd planning and the crew briefing.
- Airports, heliports and aerodrome trafficEstablished procedures within 3 NM of airports and 1 NM of heliports, TC's generic procedure, aerodrome operators' role, military aerodromes, traffic circuits, MF and ATF areas and runway numbering.
- EVLOS, sheltered operations, medium drones and SFOCsExtended visual line-of-sight and visual observer rules, sheltered operations near structures, medium-drone limits, BVLOS basics and the operations that still need an SFOC—RPAS.
- The flight reviewStandard 921.02 exercises, prerequisites and ID, the planning exercise, lost-link and fly-away items, how errors are graded, failure and retakes, results and the flight reviewer rating.
- Aviation weather reports and meteorologyDecoding METARs and TAFs (wind, visibility, weather, cloud, ceiling, temperature, altimeter), change groups, pressure and density altitude, stability, fronts, thunderstorms and wind shear.
- Radio communicationsThe ROC-A, aviation VHF frequencies including 121.5, 126.7 and 123.2 MHz, MF and ATF procedures, radio technique and phrasing, distress calls, transponder codes and crew radios.
- SFOC applications, payloads, records and occurrencesWhen and how to apply for an SFOC—RPAS, lead times and risk assessment, events, payloads and lasers, records, occurrence analysis, TSB investigations, tethered drones and site safety.
- Crew resource management and human factorsThe four CRM skill areas, threat and error management, visual observers and sterile communication, FPV and night-vision limits, disorientation and operating pressures.