Unless the CFS says otherwise, which way do aircraft fly the circuit at an uncontrolled aerodrome?
Drone Advanced Exam (RPAS): Airports, heliports and aerodrome traffic
Established procedures within 3 NM of airports and 1 NM of heliports, TC's generic procedure, aerodrome operators' role, military aerodromes, traffic circuits, MF and ATF areas and runway numbering.
- No sign-up
- Every answer explained
- Independent · not a government site
- 14 questions
- Topic drill
Study reference: TC drone rules: CARs Part IX and TC AIM RPA chapter (Oct 2026), Ch. 5 Airports and heliports — CARs 901.47, 901.73; AIM RPA 3.2.35, 3.4.1.2–3.4.1.3; TC AIM RAC 4.5
All 14 questions in this test
Every question and its answer choices. The correct answers and explanations appear when you take the test above.
Unless the CFS says otherwise, which way do aircraft fly the circuit at an uncontrolled aerodrome?
- Straight in only, with no turns
- Right-hand, with all turns to the right
- Whichever way the wind blows
- Left-hand, with all turns to the left
What must aircraft operating inside a Mandatory Frequency (MF) area have?
- An instrument flight rating for the pilot
- A transponder set to code 7600
- A working radio for two-way communication
- A flight plan filed in advance with ATC
At what height do propeller aeroplanes normally fly the circuit at an uncontrolled aerodrome?
- 5,000 ft above sea level
- 2,500 ft above aerodrome elevation
- 1,000 ft above aerodrome elevation
- 400 ft above aerodrome elevation
Under TC's generic established procedure, whom should you contact before flying near an aerodrome?
- The local member of Parliament
- The nearest drone retailer
- The aerodrome operator
- The Transportation Safety Board
What does the generic procedure recommend you monitor while flying near an aerodrome?
- The drone manufacturer's social media page
- The airport's public Wi-Fi network for announcements
- The local commercial radio station for traffic news
- The aerodrome traffic frequency listed in the CFS or VNC
An advanced pilot wants to fly 2 NM from a certified airport in Class G. What must the operation follow?
- A NOTAM that the pilot files personally for the flight
- The airport's noise bylaw for aircraft operations
- The established procedure for that airport
- The procedure for the nearest military aerodrome
Can an aerodrome operator forbid drone flights in the airspace around the aerodrome?
- No, they control their land, but not the airspace
- Yes, by charging a landing fee to drone operators
- Yes, within 5 NM of their runways in every direction
- Yes, if they post no-drone signs at all the gates
A runway is numbered 27. Roughly which magnetic direction does it face?
- 270°, toward the west
- 027°, toward the north-east
- 090°, toward the east
- 180°, toward the south
Why should drone pilots near an aerodrome watch especially for helicopters?
- They are not allowed to use uncontrolled aerodromes at all
- They may fly a lower circuit near the runway or go direct to pads
- They must always fly above 3,000 ft near any aerodrome
- They use the same 1,500 ft circuit as large jet aircraft
Where would you find a published RPAS procedure for a certified airport?
- In the PRO section of the current CFS
- In the manufacturer's quick-start guide for the drone
- In the airport's annual financial report to Ottawa
- On the back of your drone's registration certificate
What frequency is normally the ATF at an uncontrolled aerodrome that has no UNICOM?
- 118.0 MHz
- 121.5 MHz
- 123.2 MHz
- 126.7 MHz
In the CFS, which entry identifies a military aerodrome?
- Reg
- PRO
- Cert
- Mil
What is required to fly within 3 NM of an aerodrome operated by the Minister of National Defence?
- Only a call to NAV CANADA's flight information centre
- Only an advanced certificate and a 922.04 drone
- Nothing, as long as the base is closed that day
- Authorization from the Department of National Defence
While you fly near an uncontrolled aerodrome, a small plane joins the circuit. What does TC recommend?
- Land the drone and reassess the situation
- Keep flying, since you were there first
- Fly toward the runway so the pilot sees you
- Climb above the plane so it can pass beneath
Airports, heliports and aerodrome traffic: key rules to remember
Our summary of what the official handbook says on this topic, in our own words. Read it before or after the practice questions above, then check the original chapter. Read the official chapter ↗
Within 3 NM of an airport or 1 NM of a heliport
- Advanced pilots may fly there (small or medium drone) only by following the established procedure for that airport, heliport or water airport, and all other Part IX rules.
- Where to find the procedure: the PRO section of the current CFS (or the CWAS for water airports), or an RPA Flight Authorization Notice from the ANSP.
- If none is published, use TC's generic procedure.
TC generic established procedure
- Give way to traditional aircraft and keep VLOS.
- Hold an advanced certificate and stay within its privileges.
- As part of the site survey, research the airport in the CFS, CWAS, VFR charts, Drone Site Selection Tool or NAV Drone.
- Contact the aerodrome operator to tell them about the operation, whether the airspace is controlled or not.
- Keep a listening watch on the aerodrome traffic frequency (CFS or VNC); transmitting requires a ROC-A.
- If traditional aircraft are operating, land and reassess; if activity is regular, contact the operator to learn the local circuit procedures.
- Aerodrome operators can control their land but cannot forbid or set conditions on the airspace; only the Minister can restrict airspace (Aeronautics Act s. 5.1). Operators do not see NAV Drone authorization details.
Other aerodrome rules
- Never interfere with aircraft in the established traffic pattern of any aerodrome in the CFS or Water Aerodrome Supplement.
- Within 3 NM of a DND (military) aerodrome: DND authorization; if it is in controlled airspace, it is also an advanced operation.
- BVLOS within 5 NM of an aerodrome in the CFS/CWAS needs an SFOC.
Uncontrolled aerodrome traffic
- Standard circuit is left-hand; propeller aeroplanes fly it at 1,000 ft above aerodrome elevation (AAE); large and turbine aeroplanes about 1,500 ft AAE; helicopters often at 500 ft AAE closer to the runway; ultralights no higher than 500 ft below the standard circuit.
- Aircraft crossing the aerodrome do so at least 500 ft above the highest circuit height; descents are made on the non-active side.
- Mandatory Frequency (MF) area: aircraft need a working two-way radio and must make reports; the CFS gives the frequency, radius (often 5 NM) and altitude.
- Aerodrome Traffic Frequency (ATF): for less busy aerodromes; usually the UNICOM frequency or 123.2 MHz.
- Gliders and balloons: powered aircraft give way to gliders; balloons have right of way over all other categories.
Runways
- Runway numbers come from the runway's magnetic direction rounded to tens of degrees (runway 04 ≈ 040° magnetic; runway 27 ≈ 270°).
- Aircraft take off and land into the wind where possible; know where departure and approach paths lie relative to your site.
Aerodrome property
- Activities on an aerodrome or airport are subject to the approval of the operator (and ATC where applicable); fire prevention rules apply on the property.
Study the Airports, heliports and aerodrome traffic rules as flashcards →
Other topics
- Advanced certificate, privileges and recencyWhat counts as an advanced operation, who may fly one, the age 16 certificate with exam and flight review, supervision of uncertified pilots, 24-month recency, exam and retake rules, and how Level 1 Complex differs.
- Safety assurance declarations (Standard 922)Which advanced operations need a declaration, what 922.04 to 922.08 assure, safety assurance vs pre-validated declarations, what you can fly without a declaration, modifications and operating limits.
- Flying near and over peopleThe 30 m, 5 m and 500 ft distance bands, who counts as involved, medium-drone distances, parachute limits, site and crowd planning and the crew briefing.
- Operations in controlled airspaceThe three conditions for controlled airspace, NAV Drone and DND authorizations, the information ATC may ask for, flying above 400 ft with authorization, ATC instructions, transponder airspace and restricted airspace.
- EVLOS, sheltered operations, medium drones and SFOCsExtended visual line-of-sight and visual observer rules, sheltered operations near structures, medium-drone limits, BVLOS basics and the operations that still need an SFOC—RPAS.
- The flight reviewStandard 921.02 exercises, prerequisites and ID, the planning exercise, lost-link and fly-away items, how errors are graded, failure and retakes, results and the flight reviewer rating.
- Aviation weather reports and meteorologyDecoding METARs and TAFs (wind, visibility, weather, cloud, ceiling, temperature, altimeter), change groups, pressure and density altitude, stability, fronts, thunderstorms and wind shear.
- Radio communicationsThe ROC-A, aviation VHF frequencies including 121.5, 126.7 and 123.2 MHz, MF and ATF procedures, radio technique and phrasing, distress calls, transponder codes and crew radios.
- SFOC applications, payloads, records and occurrencesWhen and how to apply for an SFOC—RPAS, lead times and risk assessment, events, payloads and lasers, records, occurrence analysis, TSB investigations, tethered drones and site safety.
- Crew resource management and human factorsThe four CRM skill areas, threat and error management, visual observers and sterile communication, FPV and night-vision limits, disorientation and operating pressures.