Drone Basic Exam (RPAS) overview

Drone Basic Exam (RPAS): Navigation, charts, time and radio

Aviation units, nautical and statute miles, AGL vs ASL, altimeters and GPS errors, VNC and VTA charts, the Canada Flight Supplement, UTC and time zones, civil twilight, aviation frequencies and the ROC-A radio certificate.

  • 14 questions
  • Topic drill
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Navigation, charts, time and radio · Question 1Score 0/0

Which unit does aviation use for altitudes and heights?

Study reference: TC drone rules: CARs Part IX and TC AIM RPA chapter (Oct 2026), Ch. 10 Navigation and radio — AIM RPA 3.2.6.3, 3.2.13–3.2.15, 3.2.35; TC AIM GEN 1.4–1.5

All 14 questions in this test

Every question and its answer choices. The correct answers and explanations appear when you take the test above.

  1. Which unit does aviation use for altitudes and heights?

    1. Metres
    2. Yards
    3. Feet
    4. Kilometres
  2. In the CFS, what does 'Cert' next to an aerodrome tell a drone pilot?

    1. It has a control tower that is open 24 hours a day
    2. It is certified to sell drone parts, batteries and fuel
    3. It is a certified airport or heliport (distance rules apply)
    4. It is closed to all drones at all times of the year
  3. What time system is used in Canadian aviation?

    1. Daylight time from March to November only
    2. Coordinated Universal Time (UTC, or Zulu)
    3. The local time of the nearest airport
    4. Eastern Standard Time across all of Canada
  4. A NOTAM is active from 1800Z. In Toronto during daylight saving time, what local time is that?

    1. 1:00 p.m.
    2. 10:00 p.m.
    3. 6:00 p.m.
    4. 2:00 p.m.
  5. How often is the Canada Flight Supplement updated?

    1. Every 7 days
    2. Once a year
    3. Every 6 months
    4. Every 56 days
  6. What do you need before transmitting on an aviation VHF radio?

    1. A NOTAM published for the area of the planned flight
    2. Written permission from the operator of the nearby aerodrome
    3. A Restricted Operator Certificate – Aeronautical (ROC-A)
    4. An advanced drone pilot certificate and a flight review
  7. What does a typical small drone display as its altitude?

    1. Height above the nearest airport's runway elevation
    2. Flight level based on the standard pressure setting
    3. Altitude above mean sea level from the barometer (ASL)
    4. Height above the ground at the take-off point (AGL)
  8. How long is one nautical mile?

    1. 1,000 metres
    2. 5,280 metres
    3. 1,609 metres
    4. 1,852 metres
  9. How many satellites does a drone's GPS receiver typically need for an accurate position?

    1. At least 4
    2. At least 1
    3. At least 2
    4. At least 12
  10. Which aeronautical chart shows the busiest airspace around major airports at a 1:250,000 scale?

    1. The VFR Navigation Chart (VNC)
    2. A standard road map of the province
    3. The Designated Airspace Handbook
    4. The VFR Terminal Area chart (VTA)
  11. Which frequency do pilots use at uncontrolled aerodromes that have no assigned frequency?

    1. 123.2 MHz
    2. 126.7 MHz
    3. 121.5 MHz
    4. 2.4 GHz
  12. On a map with a scale of 1:20,000, what does 1 cm represent on the ground?

    1. 20 kilometres
    2. 200 metres
    3. 20 metres
    4. 2 kilometres
  13. A barometric altimeter is set to a pressure higher than the actual setting. What happens?

    1. It stops working until the setting is reset to 29.92
    2. It reads too low, so the aircraft is higher than shown
    3. It reads correctly, because pressure has no effect
    4. It reads too high, so the aircraft is lower than shown
  14. You fly at 400 ft AGL near an airport whose elevation is 3,600 ft ASL. About what altitude ASL is your drone at?

    1. 4,000 ft ASL
    2. 7,600 ft ASL
    3. 3,200 ft ASL
    4. 400 ft ASL

Navigation, charts, time and radio: key rules to remember

Our summary of what the official handbook says on this topic, in our own words. Read it before or after the practice questions above, then check the original chapter. Read the official chapter ↗

Units

  • Aviation uses feet for altitude, height and elevation; nautical miles for navigation distance; knots for speed.
  • 1 NM = 1,852 m = 6,076 ft = 1.15 statute miles (one minute of latitude). 1 statute mile = 5,280 ft (about 1,609 m). 1 km = 0.54 NM.
  • Map scale 1:20,000 means 1 cm on the map = 20,000 cm (200 m) on the ground.

Altitude

  • Aviation altitudes are usually above sea level (ASL); drones usually display height above ground level (AGL) from the launch point.
  • Example: 400 ft AGL near Calgary (airport about 3,600 ft ASL) is roughly 4,000 ft ASL.
  • Station height: elevation of a weather station above sea level.
  • A barometric (pressure) altimeter needs the local altimeter setting to read ASL. Setting too high a value makes it read too high: the aircraft is lower than indicated.
  • GPS needs at least 4 satellites for a good position; GPS altitude errors can reach about 75 ft (23 m) (poor satellite geometry, masking, atmosphere).

Charts and publications

  • VNC (VFR Navigation Chart): 1:500,000, low and medium altitude.
  • VTA (VFR Terminal Area chart): 1:250,000, busiest airspace around major airports.
  • CFS (Canada Flight Supplement): all registered aerodromes and certified airports; updated every 56 days. Water aerodromes: CWAS.
  • In the CFS look for "Cert", "Reg" or "Mil" to see if a site is a certified airport/heliport, registered aerodrome or military aerodrome.
  • Chart legends explain symbols, edition date and scale; check the chart is current.
  • Latitude: angle north/south of the equator; longitude: east/west of the prime meridian; coordinates use WGS-84.

Time

  • Aviation uses Coordinated Universal Time (UTC, "Zulu"), 24-hour clock, day from 0000 to 2359.
  • Eastern time = UTC − 5 h (− 4 h in daylight time); Atlantic UTC − 4 (− 3 DT); Central UTC − 6 (− 5 DT); Mountain UTC − 7 (− 6 DT); Newfoundland UTC − 3½ (− 2½ DT).
  • Civil twilight: sun centre 6° below horizon, about 25 min before sunrise / after sunset.

Radio

  • 126.7 MHz: uncontrolled airspace (en route). 123.2 MHz: uncontrolled aerodromes without an assigned frequency.
  • Aerodrome traffic frequencies (MF/ATF) are listed in the CFS and on VNCs.
  • Transmitting on an aviation VHF radio requires a Restricted Operator Certificate with Aeronautical Qualification (ROC-A) from ISED; listening alone helps build a picture of nearby traffic.
  • Standard phraseology: ISED RIC-21 study guide, TC AIM COM, NAV CANADA VFR Phraseology Guide.

Crew radios and C2 link

  • Radio range depends on line-of-sight, antenna orientation, power and interference; buildings and trees block 2.4 GHz signals.
  • A transfer of control between pilots should be clearly stated and acknowledged.

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