What is workplace harassment under the OHSA?
JHSC Part One: Workplace violence and harassment
Legal definitions, policies, programs, risk assessments, the committee's role, reporting incidents, domestic violence and the Human Rights Code.
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Study reference: Ontario JHSC Part One sources (Oct 2026), Ch. 8 Workplace violence and harassment — OHSA ss. 1, 32.0.1–32.0.7, 52; JHSC Certification Training Program Standard, 8.1.5
All 14 questions in this test
Every question and its answer choices. The correct answers and explanations appear when you take the test above.
What is workplace harassment under the OHSA?
- A course of vexatious comment or conduct known to be unwelcome
- Any disagreement between two workers about how a task should be done
- A fair performance review that points out areas for the worker to improve
- Any single instruction from a supervisor that a worker does not like to follow
Which situation fits the OHSA definition of workplace violence?
- A worker is not invited to a team lunch
- A co-worker is often rude at meetings
- A manager gives a poor performance review
- A customer threatens to punch a cashier
After a harassment investigation, who must be informed of the results in writing?
- Only the alleged harasser, and nobody else
- Every worker in the building, by a notice posted at the door
- The worker who complained and the alleged harasser, if a worker
- Only the employer's insurance company
After assessing the risks of workplace violence, what must the employer do with the results?
- Post them online for customers and the general public
- Keep them private from everyone, including the committee
- Send them only to the WSIB, which keeps them on file
- Advise the JHSC or representative, with a copy if written
Which element must the workplace violence program include?
- Measures for summoning immediate assistance
- A bonus for reporting violence
- A list of all workers' home addresses
- A ban on all customer contact
An employer learns that a worker's former partner has threatened to come to the workplace and hurt her. What does the OHSA require?
- A requirement that the worker take unpaid leave until it ends
- Nothing, because domestic violence is a private matter outside work
- Dismissal of the worker to protect the other workers on site
- Every precaution reasonable in the circumstances to protect the worker
A worker needs medical attention after being assaulted at work. Within how long must the employer give written notice to the JHSC?
- Within 48 hours only
- Within four days
- Within 30 days
- Within one year
Can workplace harassment happen online under the OHSA definition?
- Yes, including through information and communications technology
- Only if the messages are sent from a company-owned device
- No, only in-person comments and conduct can count as harassment
- Only if the worker prints the messages and files them with HR
A worker will meet a client with a history of violent behaviour. What information must the employer provide?
- Only a general reminder to be careful with every client they meet
- What is needed to protect the worker, and no more personal information
- Nothing, because the client's privacy always outweighs worker safety
- The client's full medical and criminal records, posted for all staff
How often must the workplace violence and harassment policies be reviewed?
- Only after an incident has been reported
- Never, once they are signed and posted
- As often as necessary, but at least annually
- Every five years, when the policy is renewed
Whom must the employer consult when developing the workplace harassment program?
- The company's largest customers
- Only the employer's own legal advisers
- The local police station's chief
- The JHSC or health and safety representative
When is posting of the violence and harassment policies not required unless an inspector orders it?
- When five or fewer workers are regularly employed
- When the workplace has a JHSC in place already
- When fewer than 50 workers are regularly employed
- When most workers work from home at least once
What must the harassment program provide if the supervisor is the alleged harasser?
- Nothing extra; the worker must simply tolerate the conduct
- A way to report to someone other than the employer or supervisor
- A requirement to wait one year before making any report
- A rule that the worker must still report to that supervisor
Under the Ontario Human Rights Code, what right does every person have in employment?
- To choose their own supervisor at work whenever they like
- To refuse any task they find boring
- To be paid overtime for every shift
- To be free from racial discrimination and harassment
Workplace violence and harassment: key rules to remember
Our summary of what the official handbook says on this topic, in our own words. Read it before or after the practice questions above, then check the original chapter. Read the official chapter ↗
definitions
- Workplace violence: the exercise of physical force against a worker in a workplace that causes or could cause physical injury; an attempt to do so; or a statement or behaviour a worker could reasonably interpret as a threat of such force.
- Workplace harassment: a course of vexatious comment or conduct against a worker in a workplace, including virtually through technology, that is known or ought reasonably to be known to be unwelcome; it includes workplace sexual harassment.
- Workplace sexual harassment: vexatious comment or conduct because of sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or gender expression; or a sexual solicitation or advance by someone able to grant or deny a benefit, known or reasonably known to be unwelcome.
employer duties
- Prepare written workplace violence and workplace harassment policies, review them at least annually, and post them (posting is not required with five or fewer regularly employed workers unless an inspector orders it).
- Assess the risks of workplace violence from the nature, type and conditions of work; advise the committee or representative of the results and give a copy if written; reassess as often as necessary.
- The violence program includes measures to control risks, summon immediate help, report incidents, and how incidents will be investigated.
- The harassment program is developed in consultation with the committee or representative; it includes how to report (including to someone other than the employer or supervisor if they are the alleged harasser), how complaints are investigated, confidentiality, and how the parties are told the results.
- The employer must ensure harassment is investigated appropriately, inform both parties of the results in writing, and review the harassment program at least annually.
- Domestic violence that may expose a worker to physical injury in the workplace: the employer must take every precaution reasonable in the circumstances.
- Workers must receive information and instruction on the violence policy and program, and information about a person with a history of violent behaviour they may meet at work (no more personal information than necessary).
Notices and the committee (s. 52; program standard 8.1.5)
- If a worker is disabled from usual work or needs medical attention because of workplace violence, the employer gives written notice to the committee within four days.
- The JHSC's role includes being consulted on the harassment program and advised of violence assessment results.
- Inappropriate behaviours, for example stemming from racism, may lead to harassment or violence.
- Under the Ontario Human Rights Code, every person has the right to be free from racial discrimination and harassment in employment.
Study the Workplace violence and harassment rules as flashcards →
Other topics
- Certification and the internal responsibility systemHow JHSC certification works (Part One, Part Two, refresher, Chief Prevention Officer), what certified members do, and the internal responsibility system behind Ontario's law.
- The OHSA and how the law worksHow the Occupational Health and Safety Act, regulations, standards and guidelines fit together, key sector regulations, enforcement under Part VIII and penalties.
- Duties of the workplace partiesDuties of employers, supervisors, workers, owners, suppliers and corporate directors, the competent person, and the health and safety policy and program.
- Worker rights: know, participate, refuseThe right to know, the right to participate and the right to refuse unsafe work, the two-stage work refusal process, and protection from reprisals.
- When a JHSC is required and how it runsWhich workplaces need a committee or a representative, membership, co-chairs, meetings, minutes, postings, paid time and worker trades committees.
- JHSC powers and recommendationsWhat the committee may do: identify hazards, obtain information, recommend improvements, the employer's 21-day written response, consensus and co-chair recommendations, and inspector visits.
- Certified members and dangerous circumstancesWhat dangerous circumstances are, investigating complaints, bilateral and unilateral work stoppages, cancelling a direction and complaints of reckless use.
- Hazard recognition and categoriesHazard, injury and illness, the six hazard categories, the five contributing factors, states of matter, routes of entry and acute versus chronic effects.
- Workplace inspectionsWho inspects, how often, preparing and doing an inspection, reporting hazards to the committee and other ways to find hazards.
- Hazard assessment and exposure limitsMethods for assessing how serious a hazard is, exposure monitoring, the committee's right to be at the start of testing, and TWA, STEL and ceiling limits.
- Hazard control and evaluating controlsControlling hazards at the source, along the path and at the worker, the hierarchy of controls with examples, qualities of good controls and evaluating them.
- Reporting and investigating incidentsNotices of death, critical injury, lost-time injury and occupational illness, the critical injury definition, preserving the scene, and committee investigations.