JHSC Part One overview

JHSC Part One: Hazard recognition and categories

Hazard, injury and illness, the six hazard categories, the five contributing factors, states of matter, routes of entry and acute versus chronic effects.

  • 15 questions
  • Topic drill
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Hazard recognition and categories · Question 1Score 0/0

Workplace stress, violence and harassment are examples of which hazard category?

Study reference: Ontario JHSC Part One sources (Oct 2026), Ch. 9 Hazard recognition and categories — JHSC Certification Training Program Standard, 8.1.6; CCOHS Hazard Identification; CCOHS How Workplace Chemicals Enter the Body

All 15 questions in this test

Every question and its answer choices. The correct answers and explanations appear when you take the test above.

  1. Workplace stress, violence and harassment are examples of which hazard category?

    1. Chemical
    2. Safety
    3. Physical hazard
    4. Psychosocial
  2. Which list matches the six hazard categories in Part One training?

    1. Office, warehouse, factory, retail, outdoor and remote work hazards
    2. Minor, moderate, major, severe, critical and fatal hazards
    3. Physical, chemical, biological, musculoskeletal, psychosocial, safety
    4. Visible, invisible, loud, quiet, hot and cold hazards only
  3. Repetitive movements and a poorly set-up workstation are which kind of hazard?

    1. Biological
    2. Musculoskeletal
    3. Safety
    4. Chemical
  4. Noise and vibration belong to which hazard category?

    1. Chemical
    2. Psychosocial
    3. Biological
    4. Physical
  5. A health effect that only shows up many years after a worker was exposed is described as what?

    1. Latent
    2. Immediate
    3. Local
    4. Acute
  6. What does the acronym RACE stand for in JHSC training?

    1. Review, approve, certify and enforce rules
    2. Report, act, check and escalate quickly
    3. Recognize, assess, control and evaluate
    4. Rescue, alert, contain and extinguish fires
  7. Which is the most common workplace definition of a hazard?

    1. Any task that takes more than one hour
    2. Any accident that has already happened
    3. Any source of potential damage or harm
    4. Any rule the employer has written down
  8. Which list gives the four routes of entry taught in Part One?

    1. Heating, cooling, mixing and storing
    2. Inhalation, absorption, ingestion and injection
    3. Walking, lifting, bending, reaching and carrying
    4. Hearing, seeing, smelling and touching only
  9. Which five factors can contribute to a health and safety hazard?

    1. Mornings, evenings, weekends, holidays and nights
    2. Managers, unions, inspectors, lawyers and insurers
    3. Money, time, weather, traffic and paperwork, nothing else
    4. People, equipment, materials, environment and process
  10. Once a chemical enters the bloodstream, where can it cause harm?

    1. Nowhere, since blood removes it
    2. Only in the lungs, in every case
    3. In organs far from where it entered
    4. Only at the exact point where it entered
  11. Mould and bacteria in a workplace are which kind of hazard?

    1. Musculoskeletal
    2. Psychosocial
    3. Biological
    4. Physical
  12. Under the OHSA, what is an occupational illness?

    1. A condition caused by workplace exposure to an agent that impairs health
    2. Any injury from a slip or fall that happens in the parking lot
    3. Any stress caused by commuting to work in heavy traffic
    4. Any cold or flu that a worker happens to catch during the winter months
  13. An effect that develops after repeated exposure over a long time is called what?

    1. Local
    2. Acute only
    3. Sudden
    4. Chronic
  14. What is the most common way workplace chemicals enter the body?

    1. Swallowing them by mistake
    2. Absorption through the eyes
    3. Inhalation (breathing)
    4. Injection through the skin
  15. A nurse is pricked by a used needle. Which route of entry is this?

    1. Injection
    2. Absorption
    3. Ingestion
    4. Inhalation

Hazard recognition and categories: key rules to remember

Our summary of what the official handbook says on this topic, in our own words. Read it before or after the practice questions above, then check the original chapter. Read the official chapter ↗

terms and categories

  • A hazard is any source of potential harm to a worker (CCOHS: any source of potential damage or harm).
  • Occupational illness (OHSA s. 1): a condition resulting from exposure in a workplace to a physical, chemical or biological agent that impairs the worker's health; it may appear long after exposure (latency). An occupational injury is physical harm from a workplace event.
  • The process is to recognize, assess and control hazards, and evaluate the controls (often called RACE).
  • Six hazard categories used in certification training: physical, chemical, biological, musculoskeletal, psychosocial and safety.
  • Examples (CCOHS): physical — radiation, temperature extremes, pressure, noise, vibration; chemical — depends on the product's physical, chemical and toxic properties; biological — bacteria, viruses, fungi, insects, plants, animals; musculoskeletal (CCOHS calls it ergonomic) — repetitive movements, poor workstation setup; psychosocial — stress, violence, harassment; safety — slips and trips, poor machine guarding, equipment breakdowns.
  • Five factors that can contribute to a hazard: people, equipment, materials, environment and process.

Routes of entry and effects (program standard; CCOHS)

  • Substances exist as gases, liquids or solids; heat, pressure or processes can change their state (for example a liquid evaporating into a vapour, or a solid being ground into dust).
  • Routes of entry: inhalation (breathing, the most common at work), absorption through skin or eyes, ingestion (swallowing) and injection (skin puncture, for example a needlestick).
  • Once inside, chemicals travel in the bloodstream and can harm organs far from the point of entry.
  • Effects may be acute (soon after a short exposure), chronic (after repeated or long exposure), local (at the point of contact), systemic (elsewhere in the body), latent (appearing long after exposure) or interactive (two exposures combining).

Hazard identification

  • Identify hazards during design, before tasks, during tasks, during inspections and after incidents or near misses.
  • Look at routine and non-routine work (maintenance, cleaning), all shifts, injury records, and talk to workers who know their jobs best.
  • Consider groups at different risk: young or new workers, persons with disabilities, expectant mothers.

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