How should dishes be dried after manual sanitizing?
MAPAQ Food Handler: Cleaning and sanitizing
Cleaning steps, heat and chemical sanitizing, water temperatures for manual and machine dishwashing, three-compartment sinks, cloths, scrubbers, biofilms, cleaning frequencies and chemical safety.
- No sign-up
- Every answer explained
- Independent · not a government site
- 13 questions
- Topic drill
Study reference: MAPAQ Guide to good hygiene and food safety practices and quebec.ca (Oct 2026), Ch. 8 Cleaning and sanitizing — Guide, Cleaning and sanitizing; quebec.ca Cleaning and sanitizing in food establishments
All 13 questions in this test
Every question and its answer choices. The correct answers and explanations appear when you take the test above.
How should dishes be dried after manual sanitizing?
- With newspaper
- Air-dried, without a tea towel
- With a clean tea towel
- With a hair dryer
The guide warns about biofilms on equipment. What is a biofilm?
- A layer of grease that contains no bacteria
- An eco-friendly cleaning product for steel
- A thin sheet of food-grade plastic wrap
- Bacteria that stick to a surface and multiply there
In what order are cleaning and sanitizing done?
- Sanitize only, with no cleaning
- Clean first, then sanitize
- Both at once with a single product
- Sanitize first, then clean
What temperature should the detergent wash water be for manual dishwashing?
- 20 °C
- 60 °C
- 43 °C
- 82 °C
How should wiping cloths be kept between uses?
- Tucked in an apron pocket so they are always handy
- Left in the dirty dishwater until the end of the shift
- Washed, rinsed, then in a clean sanitizing solution
- Folded on the counter so they can dry between uses
A product combines detergent and sanitizer. How should it be used?
- Mixed with bleach to make it work even better
- Only once a week, as a deep-cleaning product
- In one quick application, since it does both jobs
- In two separate applications, one to clean and one to sanitize
Which rule applies to cleaning and sanitizing products?
- Mix them together to make them stronger and faster
- Store them on a shelf above the preparation counter
- Pour them into empty water bottles to save space
- Never mix them and keep them away from food
PHF are handled at room temperature. How often should surfaces be cleaned and sanitized?
- Every 24 hours
- Once a week
- Only at closing
- Every 4 hours
For manual heat sanitizing, what water temperature and time are needed?
- At least 77 °C for at least 30 seconds
- At least 100 °C for a full 5 minutes
- At least 60 °C for 5 seconds
- At least 43 °C for 10 seconds
What temperature must the heat-sanitizing rinse of a dishwasher reach?
- 82 °C or more
- 60 °C
- 43 °C
- 71 °C
Which type of scrubber is prohibited in a food establishment?
- A plastic brush
- A metal scrubber
- A nylon scrubber
- A non-abrasive sponge
When should a board be cleaned and sanitized between cutting raw chicken and raw beef?
- Once a week, during the deep cleaning
- After each use, between the two meats
- Only at the end of the day, after closing
- Only if the board looks visibly dirty
For chemical sanitizing, which instructions must be followed?
- The manufacturer's: concentration, contact time, rinsing
- Leave the product on the surface for a full week
- Use as much product as possible to be on the safe side
- Always dilute it in boiling water, whatever the label says
Cleaning and sanitizing: key rules to remember
Our summary of what the official handbook says on this topic, in our own words. Read it before or after the practice questions above, then check the original chapter. Read the official chapter ↗
Cleaning and sanitizing
- Two separate but inseparable steps. Cleaning: pre-wash, wash with a suitable detergent, rinse; redo it if the surface is not visibly clean.
- Sanitizing reduces micro-organisms to a safe level.
- Heat sanitizing: water at least 82 °C (e.g. dishwasher) or at least 77 °C for at least 30 seconds (manual).
- Chemical sanitizing: follow the manufacturer's concentration, method, water temperature, contact time and rinsing instructions.
- Products must meet the Food and Drugs Act or be on the CFIA reference list; store them away from food.
- A three-compartment sink: wash, rinse, sanitize.
- Wiping cloths are washed and rinsed after use, then kept in a clean sanitizing solution.
- Nylon scrubbers are recommended; metal scrubbers or brushes are prohibited.
- Dry cleaning only for dry, non-hazardous food residues.
Cleaning and sanitizing (May 2025)
- Cleaning and sanitizing prevent biofilms: bacteria that stick to surfaces, multiply and are hard to remove.
- A written program lists surfaces and disassembly, methods and products (concentration, temperature, contact time), frequency and responsible people.
- Alkaline detergents remove stuck-on or burnt food; acid detergents remove scale.
- A combined detergent-sanitizer still needs two separate applications; never mix detergent and sanitizer or chemicals together.
- Chemical sanitizers are chlorine-, iodine- or quaternary-ammonium-based; rotate products to prevent resistance.
- Manual: wash at 43 °C with detergent, rinse in clean 43 °C water, sanitize at 77 °C for 30 s or with an approved product, air-dry without tea towels.
- Dishwasher: wash at least 60 °C, heat-sanitizing rinse at least 82 °C.
- Disassemble daily or after contamination.
- Frequency: after each use (between different raw meats, between different foods, before refilling a PHF container, after contamination); every 4 hours if PHF are handled at room temperature; every shift (about 8 h) in a 4–10 °C room; every 24 hours in a room under 4 °C, for self-serve surfaces of PHF held under 4 °C or above 60 °C, and for cooking equipment.
- Chemicals: follow the label, never mix, sealed labelled containers away from food; clean outside food preparation hours.
Other topics
- Mandatory training and operator dutiesWho must hold the food handler or manager certificate, the two staffing options, the 10% rule, the training register, exemptions, equivalent programs and recognition of experience.
- Food safety, hazards and the 5 MPotentially hazardous foods, biological, chemical and physical hazards, micro-organisms, foodborne illness, discarding unsafe food, first in first out and the MAPAQ 5 M method.
- Temperatures and the cold chainStorage temperatures of -18 °C, 4 °C and 60 °C, the danger zone, how fast bacteria double, thermometers and their calibration, temperature records and keeping the cold chain.
- Food origin, labelling and allergensApproved sources for meat, eggs, dairy and shellfish, what a label must show, best-before dates, previously frozen products, priority allergens, gluten and sulphites.
- Preventing contaminationDirect and cross-contamination, storing raw foods and allergens, shelf heights off the floor, frying oil, cutting boards, sneeze guards, cracked eggs and damaged cans.
- Thawing and cookingSafe thawing methods, why not to refreeze, safe internal cooking temperatures for meats, poultry, fish, seafood and eggs, microwave cooking and partial cooking.
- Cooling, reheating, tartares and sushiTwo-stage cooling from 60 °C to 21 °C and 4 °C, cooling methods, reheating to 74 °C or 63 °C for 3 minutes, and the rules for tartares, sushi rice and parasite-killing freezing.
- Personal hygiene and healthWhen and how to wash hands, hand sanitizer, illness and exclusion periods, wounds and gloves, work clothes, jewellery, hair and beard covers, tasting food and moving between zones.
- Equipment, premises and pestsRequirements for equipment and utensils, waste, floors, walls and ventilation, protected lighting, garbage bins, pests, service dogs and pesticide storage.
- Drinking water and water advisoriesPotable water for food and ice, well water testing, hot water at 60 °C, and what to do under a boil-water or do-not-consume advisory.
- Records and foodborne illnessWhich records to keep, symptoms of foodborne illness, people most at risk, removing sick workers and how to report a complaint to MAPAQ.