Which source can help a PI find old notices of bankruptcy or probate?
BC Private Investigator: Evidence handling and information sources
The six steps for containing evidence, chain of custody, protecting original video, business and electronic records under the Canada Evidence Act, and lawful research sources such as directories, registries, PPSR and court files.
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- Every answer explained
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- 14 questions
- Topic drill
Study reference: B.C. private investigator law and public guidance (Oct 2026), Ch. 10 Evidence and sources — Ontario PI Study Guide Section 5 (care and control of evidence, research techniques); Canada Evidence Act ss. 30, 31.1; PIPA Regulation s. 6
All 14 questions in this test
Every question and its answer choices. The correct answers and explanations appear when you take the test above.
Which source can help a PI find old notices of bankruptcy or probate?
- A subject's private tax return
- A hospital's patient database
- A police officer's personal notebook
- Back issues of newspapers at a public library
How many people should handle a piece of evidence?
- Only the client, never the PI
- Everyone on the case, so that all of them share the same knowledge
- At least three people, for verification
- As few as possible, with each transfer documented
Why must the original surveillance recording never be edited?
- Editing costs the client extra money
- Its integrity is essential for court
- Edited files are always too large
- Courts only accept black-and-white video
A PI's client wants to use a video file in court. Who must prove it is authentic?
- Nobody, since files are presumed real
- The party seeking to admit it
- The opposing party, by disproving it
- The judge, before the trial starts
Under s. 30 of the Canada Evidence Act, which record can be admissible on production?
- A PI's report made for an investigation
- A note written by a lawyer while preparing for a lawsuit
- A record protected by legal privilege
- A record made in the ordinary course of business
What can a Personal Property Security Registry search reveal?
- A person's medical history
- A person's sealed youth court record and charges
- A person's bank PIN
- Liens registered against a person's property
Which registry information may be used without consent as a prescribed public source?
- A public registry created under a law
- A private club's membership list
- An employer's internal staff list
- A clinic's appointment calendar
How should a PI decide which searches to run on a file?
- Every database available, just in case
- Whatever searches the subject's neighbours suggest might be useful
- Only those needed for the purpose of the assignment
- Only searches that cost nothing
What is the chain of custody?
- The order in which witnesses testify
- A lock used on evidence storage rooms
- A documented record of who controlled the evidence
- A list of every person the PI interviewed during the whole investigation
What should a PI write on an evidence bag they seal?
- The client's name and phone number only
- Their initials and the date and time collected
- The suspected value of the item
- Nothing, to keep the item anonymous
How reliable is information from a subject's own online profile?
- Reliable if it has many followers
- Never usable in any investigation
- Always accurate, since it is self-reported
- Only as reliable as whoever entered it; check it
Which list matches the six core steps for containing evidence?
- Seize, open, share, label, publish, archive
- Collect, test, copy, return, forget, file
- Collect, secure, preserve, identify, continuity, log
- Find, clean, photograph, sell, report, destroy, and then file the invoice
How much notice must a party normally give before producing a business record under s. 30?
- At least seven days
- At least 24 hours
- No notice is required
- At least 30 days
A PI saves a lawfully recorded call to a USB drive. How should the drive be treated?
- As scrap once copied to a laptop
- As a gift for the client to keep
- As evidence, stored securely
- As a personal backup to reuse
Evidence handling and information sources: key rules to remember
Our summary of what the official handbook says on this topic, in our own words. Read it before or after the practice questions above, then check the original chapter. Read the official chapter ↗
Care and control of evidence (general practice)
- Six core steps for containing evidence: collect, secure, preserve, identify, ensure continuity, log.
- Treat all evidence as if it may be used at trial; show an uninterrupted chain of custody; evidence must be identified and relevant.
- Mark the evidence bag with the investigator's initials and the date and time collected; keep the number of handlers small and document each transfer.
- Non-physical evidence, such as a saved electronic communication on a USB drive, is also stored securely as evidence.
- Video: the integrity of the original recording is paramount; never alter the original.
Records
- A record made in the usual and ordinary course of business is admissible where oral evidence of the matter would be; at least seven days' notice is required before producing it.
- Section 30 does not make admissible a record made in the course of an investigation or inquiry, or in contemplation of a legal proceeding.
- Anyone seeking to admit an electronic document must prove it is what it claims to be (authenticity).
Research and information sources
- Online databases and profiles are only as reliable as whoever entered the data; a subject's own profile must be checked for accuracy.
- Libraries hold directories, criss-cross (reverse) directories and old newspapers with notices of bankruptcy, marriage, births, obituaries and probate.
- A Personal Property Security Registry (PPSR) search can reveal liens registered against a person's property or business collateral; it is public.
- Bankruptcy, divorce, land registry, corporate and court files (civil, small claims, family) may also help; limit searches to what the assignment needs.
- Do not obtain credit, income tax or bank records without a signed release and lawful authority.
Prescribed public sources
- Directories with opt-out, public registries created by law, and published books, magazines and newspapers may be used without consent unless a court or the commissioner has restricted the source.
Study the Evidence handling and information sources rules as flashcards →
Other topics
- Who needs a B.C. PI licence and how to get oneThe Security Services Act definition of a private investigator, who is exempt (lawyers, journalists, insurance adjusters, pre-employment screening), the PI and PI-under-supervision licences, the PSKN Introduction to Private Investigation course and exam, the 2,000-hour and police-experience routes, and out-of-province investigators.
- Licence rules, conduct and PI businessesCarrying and showing your licence, 14-day reporting, no uniform and no badge, the banned words detective and police, the B.C. code of conduct, business licences, insurance and records, enforcement and penalties, and why bug sweeping needs a security consultant licence.
- Courts, burden of proof and testifyingThe levels of Canadian and B.C. courts, the Civil Resolution Tribunal and Small Claims Court limits, criminal and civil burdens of proof, subpoenas, oaths, direct and cross-examination, and what counts as a crime for licensing.
- Arrest, force and criminal harassmentWhy a PI has only a citizen's powers, arrest without warrant under section 494, delivery to police, use of force under sections 25 to 27, 34 and 35, Charter rights, and how surveillance can cross into criminal harassment under section 264.
- B.C. PIPA: consent, investigations and public sourcesHow B.C.'s Personal Information Protection Act applies to PI firms: consent and deceptive practices, the investigation exception, prescribed publicly available sources, access requests, safeguards and retention, and restricted records.
- Privacy Act, recording and surveillance limitsB.C.'s statutory tort of violation of privacy, its exceptions, eavesdropping and surveillance, use of a name or portrait, one-party consent to record under Criminal Code section 184, filming from public places, GPS trackers and criminal harassment.
- Human rights, the Charter and young personsB.C. Human Rights Code grounds in services and employment, the code of conduct's equality duty, the Charter, the Youth Criminal Justice Act's age definitions and declaration of principle, the publication ban, and interviewing people under 18.
- Mandate, surveillance and undercover workSetting a justifiable mandate, preparing for surveillance, standard equipment, obeying traffic law, detecting counter-surveillance, solo and team methods, subjects with lawyers, and the rules of undercover operations.
- Interviews, statements and reportsPreparing and conducting interviews, recording only with a party's consent, the parts of a written witness statement, corrections and initials, voluntariness, objective reports, correcting notes, and using notes in court.
- Technology, countermeasures and safetyTechnical surveillance countermeasures and the security consultant licence, interception and computer-system rules, wireless cameras and GPS, authenticating electronic files, insurance, and WorkSafeBC rules for lone and at-risk work.