BC CORE overview

BC CORE: Wildlife identification

Telling mule deer from white-tailed deer and grizzly from black bear, plus antler, horn and age definitions used in B.C. seasons.

  • 14 questions
  • Topic drill
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Wildlife identification · Question 1Score 0/0

How do a mature mule deer buck's antlers usually branch?

Study reference: B.C. hunting regulations and federal firearms rules (Oct 2026), Ch. 7 Wildlife identification — Synopsis 2026–2028, Deer and Bear Identification Guides; Definitions

All 14 questions in this test

Every question and its answer choices. The correct answers and explanations appear when you take the test above.

  1. How do a mature mule deer buck's antlers usually branch?

    1. They grow as single spikes
    2. They form a flat, wide palm
    3. Points rise from one main beam
    4. They fork, then fork again
  2. How long are a black bear's front claws, compared with a grizzly's?

    1. Longer, and easily seen in tracks
    2. About the same as a grizzly's
    3. Less than 4 cm and curved
    4. More than 10 cm and straight
  3. What counts as an antlered animal?

    1. Any female caribou, which grow antlers each year
    2. Any male fawn with small fur-covered bumps on its head
    3. A deer-family member over 1 year with visible bony antlers
    4. Any member of the deer family seen in the autumn
  4. What is a spike-fork bull moose?

    1. A bull with ten or more tines on one antler
    2. A bull with no more than two tines on one antler
    3. Any moose calf that is less than one year old
    4. A bull with three tines on one brow palm only
  5. How long must an antler branch be to count as a tine (point)?

    1. At least 1 cm (3/8 inch)
    2. At least 2.5 cm (1 inch)
    3. Any length at all
    4. At least 10 cm (4 inches)
  6. What makes a bull moose a tripalm bull?

    1. Three tines anywhere on the main palm
    2. A spread wider than three feet across
    3. A brow palm with three or more tines
    4. Three antlers growing from the skull
  7. Can you identify a bear as a black bear just because its fur is black?

    1. Yes, black fur always means black bear
    2. Yes, grizzlies are always brown or silver
    3. No, both species range from blond to black
    4. Only if it is seen in the coastal regions
  8. Which feature identifies a grizzly bear rather than a black bear?

    1. A straight face profile
    2. Tall, pointed ears
    3. A distinctive shoulder hump
    4. A rump higher than the shoulders
  9. Which animal is a mountain goat kid under the definitions?

    1. Any goat with a pure white coat
    2. Any goat that weighs under 50 kg
    3. A goat with horns under 10 cm
    4. Any goat that is seen alone on a cliff
  10. How is a mule deer four-point buck defined?

    1. Four tines on one antler, counting the brow tine
    2. Four tines on one antler, not counting the brow tine
    3. Any buck that is four years old or older
    4. Four tines in total, adding both antlers together
  11. A startled deer raises its tail, showing a white underside, and runs off. Which species is it most likely?

    1. Mountain caribou
    2. Mule deer
    3. Black-tailed deer
    4. White-tailed deer
  12. Which feature points to a mule deer rather than a white-tailed deer?

    1. A broad brown tail that it flags when alarmed
    2. Small ears compared with the size of its head
    3. A rope-like white tail with a black tip
    4. A brown rump with no large white patch
  13. Which animals make up the deer family in the synopsis?

    1. Moose, bison and pronghorn
    2. Moose, caribou, deer and elk
    3. Elk, deer and black bears
    4. Deer, mountain goats and sheep
  14. How does a mule deer usually escape when running?

    1. Freezing in place with its head down
    2. Running low with its tail raised high
    3. Swimming into the nearest lake
    4. Bounding stiff-legged on all four legs

Wildlife identification: key rules to remember

Our summary of what the official handbook says on this topic, in our own words. Read it before or after the practice questions above, then check the original chapter. Read the official chapter ↗

Deer identification

  • Mule deer: large ears; large white rump patch; rope-like white tail with a black tip; greyish body; does not raise its tail when alarmed; bounds stiff-legged on all four legs; antlers fork and fork again.
  • White-tailed deer: smaller ears; brown rump; flattened brown tail with white fringe and white underside that it raises ("flags") when alarmed; runs rather than bounds; antler points rise from main beams.
  • Use a combination of features; colour and size can mislead.

Bear identification

  • Grizzly: distinctive shoulder hump; rump lower than the hump; dished face profile; short, rounded ears.
  • Black bear: no shoulder hump; rump higher than the shoulders; straight face profile; tall, pointed ears; front claws under 4 cm and curved.
  • Both species range in colour from blond to black; black bears also occur in white and blue (glacier) phases, which are protected.

Antler and horn definitions

  • Tine (point): longer than it is wide and at least 2.5 cm (1 inch) long.
  • Brow tine: the first tine projecting forward or upward in the lower third of the antler.
  • Spike-fork bull moose: no more than two tines on one antler (not a calf). Tripalm: a brow palm with three or more tines. 10-point bull: at least ten tines on one antler, including brow palm.
  • Six-point elk: at least six tines on one antler; mule deer four-point buck: four tines on one antler, not counting the brow tine.
  • Antlered animal: member of the deer family over one year old with visible bony antlers; skin-covered bumps on male fawns and calves are not antlers.
  • Calf: moose, elk or caribou under 12 months old. A cow moose stands about 1.8 m at the shoulder; a calf usually under 1.5 m.
  • Mountain goat kid: horns under 10 cm. Cougar kitten: spotted or under one year.
  • Full curl bighorn ram: viewed from the side, a horn tip rises above a line from the centre of the nostril to the lowest back point of the horn base.
  • Deer family: moose, caribou, deer and elk.

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