What happened to the class formerly called "Flammable aerosols" in the 2022 amendments?
WHMIS: Hazard groups, classes and categories
The physical and health hazard groups, how classes group similar products, how categories and types show severity, and what changed in the 2022 amendments.
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- 16 questions
- Topic drill
Study reference: CCOHS OSH Answers: WHMIS fact sheets (revised 2026-05-28), Ch. 5 WHMIS – Hazard Classes and Categories — Classification, groups, classes, categories, 2022 changes
All 16 questions in this test
Every question and its answer choices. The correct answers and explanations appear when you take the test above.
What happened to the class formerly called "Flammable aerosols" in the 2022 amendments?
- It was moved to the health hazards group
- It was merged into Gases under pressure
- It became Aerosols, with a new Category 3
- It was removed from WHMIS completely
After the 2022 amendments, where are pyrophoric gases classified?
- Under Flammable gases, Category 1A
- In their own Pyrophoric gases class
- Under Simple asphyxiants
- Under Oxidizing gases, Category 1
WHMIS sorts hazards into which two main groups?
- Liquid hazards and solid hazards
- Indoor hazards and outdoor hazards
- Physical hazards and health hazards
- Short-term hazards and long-term hazards
Why is there no Explosives hazard class in WHMIS?
- Explosives are covered by other Canadian legislation
- Explosives are listed as a health hazard instead
- Explosives are banned in all workplaces
- Explosives must use a workplace label only
For gases under pressure, what do the categories (compressed, liquefied, refrigerated liquefied, dissolved) describe?
- How far the gas can travel
- How toxic the gas is to breathe
- The severity of the hazard, from worst to least
- The physical state of the gas as packaged
Some hazard classes use "types" instead of numbered categories. How are types identified?
- With Roman numerals such as I and II
- With colours such as red and yellow
- With letters such as A, B and C
- With percentages such as 10% and 20%
Which reproductive toxicity category has no number assigned to it?
- Effects on or via lactation
- Effects on the unborn child
- Suspected reproductive toxicant
- Effects on fertility
Within the same hazard class, which category is the most hazardous?
- Category 3
- Category 1
- Category 2
- Category 4
The GHS includes an environmental hazards group. What is its status in WHMIS?
- Not adopted, though suppliers may still show it
- Required only for products made and sold in Canada
- Required on every WHMIS label
- Replaced the health hazards group
Flammability, reactivity and corrosivity to metals are examples of what?
- Health hazards
- Environmental hazards
- Biological hazards
- Physical hazards
Who must classify a hazardous product that an employer produces for use only in its own workplace?
- The nearest supplier
- Health Canada
- The workers who use it
- The employer
Which physical hazard class was added in the December 2022 amendments?
- Gases under pressure
- Flammable liquids
- Combustible dusts
- Chemicals under pressure
A product may cause cancer if workers are exposed to it. Which WHMIS hazard group does this fall under?
- Reactivity hazards
- Environmental hazards
- Physical hazards
- Health hazards
In WHMIS, what is a hazard class?
- A training course level that workers must complete each year
- A list of approved suppliers
- A price range for chemical products
- A way of grouping products with similar hazardous properties
Two products are in the same hazard class. One is Category 1A and the other is Category 1B. Which is more hazardous?
- They are exactly equal
- Category 1A
- It depends on the container size
- Category 1B
What does the hazard category of a product tell you?
- Which province the product is sold in
- Which company made the product
- How severe the hazard is within its class
- How many litres are in the container
Hazard groups, classes and categories: key rules to remember
Our summary of what the official handbook says on this topic, in our own words. Read it before or after the practice questions above, then check the original chapter. Read the official chapter ↗
How classification works
- Suppliers determine whether a product meets the physical and health criteria in the Hazardous Products Regulations; meeting any class criteria = hazardous product.
- Employers who produce hazardous products for their own workplace must assess, classify and provide labels and SDSs.
- Tools: Technical Decision Trees on whmis.org and Health Canada guidance.
Hazard groups
- WHMIS has two hazard groups: physical and health.
- Physical group: based on physical/chemical properties such as flammability, reactivity, corrosivity to metals.
- Health group: based on ability to cause a health effect (eye irritation, respiratory sensitization, carcinogenicity).
- GHS also has an environmental hazards group; WHMIS did not adopt it, but suppliers may still show environmental classes on labels and SDSs.
- GHS Explosives class not in WHMIS; explosives covered by other Canadian legislation.
Hazard classes
- Class = grouping of products with similar properties. Most are common to GHS; some WHMIS-specific.
- 19 physical hazard classes listed (incl. chemicals under pressure, combustible dusts, simple asphyxiants, physical hazards not otherwise classified).
- 12 health hazard classes listed (incl. biohazardous infectious materials, health hazards not otherwise classified).
Hazard categories
- Every class has at least one category; categories are numbers (1, 2...); some are called types and use letters (A, B...); some subcategories (1A, 1B).
- Category shows severity. Category 1 = most hazardous in that class; 1A more hazardous than 1B; Category 2 more hazardous than 3.
- Examples: corrosive to metals has one category; carcinogenicity two; oxidizing liquids three; organic peroxides five or more (types).
- Exceptions: Gases under pressure categories (compressed, liquefied, refrigerated liquefied, dissolved gas) describe the physical state, not severity. Reproductive toxicity has a separate "Effects on or via lactation" category without a number.
2022 amendments
- New physical class: Chemicals under pressure.
- "Flammable aerosols" renamed "Aerosols"; new Aerosols Category 3 for non-flammable aerosols.
- Flammable gases Category 1 split into 1A and 1B; pyrophoric gases and chemically unstable gases now under Flammable gases Category 1A.
Where to find classification
- Class and category in SDS Section 2 (Hazard identification) and reflected on the label.
Study the Hazard groups, classes and categories rules as flashcards →
Other topics
- What WHMIS isWhat the Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System is, its four main parts, how it lines up with the GHS, what counts as a hazardous product and which products are excluded.
- WHMIS law and enforcementWHMIS 1988, WHMIS 2015 and the December 2022 amendments, the Hazardous Products Act and Regulations, who enforces WHMIS in each jurisdiction and what an inspector checks.
- Supplier, employer and worker dutiesWho counts as a supplier, manufacturer, importer or distributor, what employers must provide, what workers must do, and the role of the health and safety committee.
- WHMIS education and trainingThe difference between education and site-specific training, who must be trained, what it must cover, the four questions every worker should be able to answer, reviews and refreshers.
- Physical hazard classesFlammables, oxidizers, gases under pressure, pyrophoric and self-heating products, water-reactives, organic peroxides, corrosive to metals, combustible dusts, simple asphyxiants and chemicals under pressure.
- Health hazard classesAcute toxicity, skin and eye damage, sensitizers, mutagens, carcinogens, reproductive toxicity, target organ toxicity, aspiration hazard and biohazardous infectious materials.
- WHMIS pictogramsThe red-bordered diamond pictograms described in words: flame, flame over circle, gas cylinder, corrosion, exploding bomb, skull and crossbones, health hazard, exclamation mark and the biohazard symbol, plus classes with no pictogram.
- Supplier labelsThe required parts of a supplier label, the two signal words, hazard and precautionary statements, bilingual rules, small-container exemptions and the 180-day update rule.
- Workplace labels and other identificationWhen a workplace label is needed (decanting, products made on site, lost labels), the decanting exceptions, what a workplace label must say, and other means of identification.
- Safety data sheets (16 sections)What an SDS is, the 16 sections in their required order, which sections workers use most, update rules, and the employer's duty to keep SDSs available.
- Safe handling and storageEveryday precautions by pictogram: ventilation, ignition sources, incompatibles, gas cylinders, corrosives, toxic products, storage height, cabinets and controls such as substitution and PPE.
- Emergencies, spills and first aidWhere emergency information is on the SDS, reporting leaks and spills, fire and evacuation basics, eyewash and showers, and standard first-aid steps by route of exposure.
- Ontario WHMIS rules (Regulation 860)How Ontario applies WHMIS through the Occupational Health and Safety Act and Regulation 860: who is covered, decanted containers, SDS access, annual review of training, exemptions and hazardous waste.