WHMIS overview

WHMIS: Hazard groups, classes and categories

The physical and health hazard groups, how classes group similar products, how categories and types show severity, and what changed in the 2022 amendments.

  • 16 questions
  • Topic drill
0/16
Hazard groups, classes and categories · Question 1Score 0/0

What happened to the class formerly called "Flammable aerosols" in the 2022 amendments?

Study reference: CCOHS OSH Answers: WHMIS fact sheets (revised 2026-05-28), Ch. 5 WHMIS – Hazard Classes and Categories — Classification, groups, classes, categories, 2022 changes

All 16 questions in this test

Every question and its answer choices. The correct answers and explanations appear when you take the test above.

  1. What happened to the class formerly called "Flammable aerosols" in the 2022 amendments?

    1. It was moved to the health hazards group
    2. It was merged into Gases under pressure
    3. It became Aerosols, with a new Category 3
    4. It was removed from WHMIS completely
  2. After the 2022 amendments, where are pyrophoric gases classified?

    1. Under Flammable gases, Category 1A
    2. In their own Pyrophoric gases class
    3. Under Simple asphyxiants
    4. Under Oxidizing gases, Category 1
  3. WHMIS sorts hazards into which two main groups?

    1. Liquid hazards and solid hazards
    2. Indoor hazards and outdoor hazards
    3. Physical hazards and health hazards
    4. Short-term hazards and long-term hazards
  4. Why is there no Explosives hazard class in WHMIS?

    1. Explosives are covered by other Canadian legislation
    2. Explosives are listed as a health hazard instead
    3. Explosives are banned in all workplaces
    4. Explosives must use a workplace label only
  5. For gases under pressure, what do the categories (compressed, liquefied, refrigerated liquefied, dissolved) describe?

    1. How far the gas can travel
    2. How toxic the gas is to breathe
    3. The severity of the hazard, from worst to least
    4. The physical state of the gas as packaged
  6. Some hazard classes use "types" instead of numbered categories. How are types identified?

    1. With Roman numerals such as I and II
    2. With colours such as red and yellow
    3. With letters such as A, B and C
    4. With percentages such as 10% and 20%
  7. Which reproductive toxicity category has no number assigned to it?

    1. Effects on or via lactation
    2. Effects on the unborn child
    3. Suspected reproductive toxicant
    4. Effects on fertility
  8. Within the same hazard class, which category is the most hazardous?

    1. Category 3
    2. Category 1
    3. Category 2
    4. Category 4
  9. The GHS includes an environmental hazards group. What is its status in WHMIS?

    1. Not adopted, though suppliers may still show it
    2. Required only for products made and sold in Canada
    3. Required on every WHMIS label
    4. Replaced the health hazards group
  10. Flammability, reactivity and corrosivity to metals are examples of what?

    1. Health hazards
    2. Environmental hazards
    3. Biological hazards
    4. Physical hazards
  11. Who must classify a hazardous product that an employer produces for use only in its own workplace?

    1. The nearest supplier
    2. Health Canada
    3. The workers who use it
    4. The employer
  12. Which physical hazard class was added in the December 2022 amendments?

    1. Gases under pressure
    2. Flammable liquids
    3. Combustible dusts
    4. Chemicals under pressure
  13. A product may cause cancer if workers are exposed to it. Which WHMIS hazard group does this fall under?

    1. Reactivity hazards
    2. Environmental hazards
    3. Physical hazards
    4. Health hazards
  14. In WHMIS, what is a hazard class?

    1. A training course level that workers must complete each year
    2. A list of approved suppliers
    3. A price range for chemical products
    4. A way of grouping products with similar hazardous properties
  15. Two products are in the same hazard class. One is Category 1A and the other is Category 1B. Which is more hazardous?

    1. They are exactly equal
    2. Category 1A
    3. It depends on the container size
    4. Category 1B
  16. What does the hazard category of a product tell you?

    1. Which province the product is sold in
    2. Which company made the product
    3. How severe the hazard is within its class
    4. How many litres are in the container

Hazard groups, classes and categories: key rules to remember

Our summary of what the official handbook says on this topic, in our own words. Read it before or after the practice questions above, then check the original chapter. Read the official chapter ↗

How classification works

  • Suppliers determine whether a product meets the physical and health criteria in the Hazardous Products Regulations; meeting any class criteria = hazardous product.
  • Employers who produce hazardous products for their own workplace must assess, classify and provide labels and SDSs.
  • Tools: Technical Decision Trees on whmis.org and Health Canada guidance.

Hazard groups

  • WHMIS has two hazard groups: physical and health.
  • Physical group: based on physical/chemical properties such as flammability, reactivity, corrosivity to metals.
  • Health group: based on ability to cause a health effect (eye irritation, respiratory sensitization, carcinogenicity).
  • GHS also has an environmental hazards group; WHMIS did not adopt it, but suppliers may still show environmental classes on labels and SDSs.
  • GHS Explosives class not in WHMIS; explosives covered by other Canadian legislation.

Hazard classes

  • Class = grouping of products with similar properties. Most are common to GHS; some WHMIS-specific.
  • 19 physical hazard classes listed (incl. chemicals under pressure, combustible dusts, simple asphyxiants, physical hazards not otherwise classified).
  • 12 health hazard classes listed (incl. biohazardous infectious materials, health hazards not otherwise classified).

Hazard categories

  • Every class has at least one category; categories are numbers (1, 2...); some are called types and use letters (A, B...); some subcategories (1A, 1B).
  • Category shows severity. Category 1 = most hazardous in that class; 1A more hazardous than 1B; Category 2 more hazardous than 3.
  • Examples: corrosive to metals has one category; carcinogenicity two; oxidizing liquids three; organic peroxides five or more (types).
  • Exceptions: Gases under pressure categories (compressed, liquefied, refrigerated liquefied, dissolved gas) describe the physical state, not severity. Reproductive toxicity has a separate "Effects on or via lactation" category without a number.

2022 amendments

  • New physical class: Chemicals under pressure.
  • "Flammable aerosols" renamed "Aerosols"; new Aerosols Category 3 for non-flammable aerosols.
  • Flammable gases Category 1 split into 1A and 1B; pyrophoric gases and chemically unstable gases now under Flammable gases Category 1A.

Where to find classification

  • Class and category in SDS Section 2 (Hazard identification) and reflected on the label.

Study the Hazard groups, classes and categories rules as flashcards →

Other topics

Full practice tests